How to format your references using the arktos citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for arktos. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P (2004) Bricks and mortar. Switzerland switches on supercomputers. Nature 429:326

A journal article with 2 authors

Woolhouse MEJ, Ward MJ (2013) Microbiology. Sources of antimicrobial resistance. Science 341:1460–1461

A journal article with 3 authors

Maeda H, Norum DVL, Gallagher TF (2005) Microwave manipulation of an atomic electron in a classical orbit. Science 307:1757–1760

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Cheung VG, Spielman RS, Ewens KG, et al (2005) Mapping determinants of human gene expression by regional and genome-wide association. Nature 437:1365–1369

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Salleh S, Zomaya AY, Olariu S, Sanugi B (2005) Numerical Simulations and Case Studies Using Visual C++.Net. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Benedikter R, Siepmann K (2015) Chile in Transition: Prospects and Challenges for Latin America’s Forerunner of Development. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Dempsey GT, Wang W, Zhuang X (2009) Fluorescence Imaging at Sub-Diffraction-Limit Resolution with Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy. In: Hinterdorfer P, Oijen A (eds) Handbook of Single-Molecule Biophysics. Springer US, New York, NY, pp 95–127

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for arktos.

Blog post

Luntz S (2017) Pores On The “Platypus Of Microbiology” May Reveal How Complex Life Evolved. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/pores-on-the-platypus-of-microbiology-may-reveal-how-complex-life-evolved/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1997) Tax Systems Modernization: Imaging System’s Performance Improving but Still Falls Short of Expectations. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lazor DL (2010) “Festen”: A celebration (of the imagination!). Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dynarski S (2016) America Can Fix Its Student Loan Crisis. Ask Australia. New York Times BU6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	arktos
Abbreviation	Arktos
ISSN (print)	2364-9453
ISSN (online)	2364-9461
Scope