How to format your references using the Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (AAAR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Willyard, C. 2012: Diagnosis: To catch a killer. Nature, 489: S8-9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rajagopalan, H., and Lengauer, C. 2004: Aneuploidy and cancer. Nature, 432: 338–341.

A journal article with 3 authors

Meissner, M., Schlüter, D., and Soldati, D. 2002: Role of Toxoplasma gondii myosin A in powering parasite gliding and host cell invasion. Science (New York, N.Y.), 298: 837–840.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Hsueh, Y. P., Wang, T. F., Yang, F. C., and Sheng, M. 2000: Nuclear translocation and transcription regulation by the membrane-associated guanylate kinase CASK/LIN-2. Nature, 404: 298–302.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety. 2010: Guidelines for Acquisition Evaluation and Post Merger Integration. Hoboken, NJ:, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Dincer, I. 2016: Clean Rail Transportation Options. (J. Hogerwaard and C. Zamfirescu, Eds.) (1st ed. 2016). Cham:, Springer International Publishing, XIV, 223 p. 152 illus., 23 illus. in color pp.

A chapter in an edited book

Rodrigues, F., Coles, M., and Dye, D. 2012: Connection Managers. In M. Coles and D. Dye (eds.), Pro SQL Server 2012 Integration Services. Berkeley, CA:, Apress, pp. 83–105.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. 2016, September 21: Microsoft Is Trying To ‘Solve’ Canceraccessed 30 October 2018, <https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/microsoft-is-trying-to-solve-cancer/>.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2011: Department of Labor: Further Management Improvements Needed to Address Information Technology and Financial Controls (No. GAO-11-157). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pratt, P. R. 2009: Analysis of the thermo-mechanical characteristics of the LENS^TM process for steels using the finite element method (Doctoral dissertation). Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M. W. 2016, January 30: Puerto Rico Proposes Plan to Delay Its Debt Payments to Free Up Cash. New York Times, p. B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Willyard, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Rajagopalan and Lengauer, 2004; Willyard, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rajagopalan and Lengauer, 2004)
Three authors: (Meissner, Schlüter, and Soldati, 2002)
6 or more authors: (Hsueh, Wang, Yang, and Sheng, 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research
Abbreviation	Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res.
ISSN (print)	1523-0430
ISSN (online)	1938-4246
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Earth-Surface Processes Global and Planetary Change