How to format your references using the Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (AAAR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Reichhardt, T. 2005: Pumping up the volume. Nature, 436: 326–327.

A journal article with 2 authors

Shuster, D. L., and Weiss, B. P. 2005: Martian surface paleotemperatures from thermochronology of meteorites. Science (New York, N.Y.), 309: 594–600.

A journal article with 3 authors

Holland, G., Cassidy, M., and Ballentine, C. J. 2009: Meteorite Kr in Earth’s mantle suggests a late accretionary source for the atmosphere. Science (New York, N.Y.), 326: 1522–1525.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Schoonveld, W. A., Wildeman, J., Fichou, D., Bobbert, P. A., van Wees BJ, and Klapwijk, T. M. 2000: Coulomb-blockade transport in single-crystal organic thin-film transistors. Nature, 404: 977–980.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Birke, D. 2013: Social Networks and their Economics. Chichester, UK:, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Lin, Z., and Wang, J. (Eds.). 2014: Low-cost Nanomaterials: Toward Greener and More Efficient Energy Applications. London:, Springer, VI, 488 p. 287 illus pp.

A chapter in an edited book

Karra, S., Jelali, M., Karim, M. N., and Horch, A. 2010: Detection of Oscillating Control Loops. In M. Jelali and B. Huang (eds.), Detection and Diagnosis of Stiction in Control Loops: State of the Art and Advanced Methods. London:, Springer, pp. 61–100.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research.

Blog post

Fang, J. 2015, August 28: 34-Million-Year-Old Fossils Link Penguin Brain Evolution With Underwater Flightaccessed 30 October 2018, <https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/34-million-year-old-fossils-link-penguin-brain-evolution-underwater-flight/>.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2001: International Trade: Concerns Over Biotechnology Challenge U.S. Agricultural Exports (No. GAO-01-727). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kasun, K. K. 2010: Economic effectiveness of physician organizational models in a California integrated healthcare system (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart, J. B. 2017, August 3: Major Hurdle Awaits A Corporate Tax Cut. New York Times, p. B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Reichhardt, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Reichhardt, 2005; Shuster and Weiss, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Shuster and Weiss, 2005)
Three authors: (Holland, Cassidy, and Ballentine, 2009)
6 or more authors: (Schoonveld et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research
Abbreviation	Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res.
ISSN (print)	1523-0430
ISSN (online)	1938-4246
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Earth-Surface Processes Global and Planetary Change