How to format your references using the Archives of Virology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Archives of Virology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Elliott T (2014) Planetary science. Speed metal. Science 344:1086–1087

A journal article with 2 authors

Rosen JM, Jordan CT (2009) The increasing complexity of the cancer stem cell paradigm. Science 324:1670–1673

A journal article with 3 authors

Cohen J, Rau A, Brüning K (2009) Climate change. Bridging the Montreal-Kyoto gap. Science 326:940–941

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Tye KM, Stuber GD, de Ridder B, et al (2008) Rapid strengthening of thalamo-amygdala synapses mediates cue-reward learning. Nature 453:1253–1257

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wong BP, Mittal A, Cao Y, Starr G (2005) Nano-CMOS Circuit and Physical Design. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Raubal M, Miller HJ, Frank AU, Goodchild MF (2006) Geographic Information Science: 4th International Conference, GIScience 2006, Münster, Germany, September 20-23, 2006. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Lei S, Hailang P, Guo C, Chengrong L (2011) Chinese Chess Recognition Based on Log-Polar Transform and FFT. In: Murgante B, Gervasi O, Iglesias A, et al (eds) Computational Science and Its Applications - ICCSA 2011: International Conference, Santander, Spain, June 20-23, 2011. Proceedings, Part IV. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 50–58

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Archives of Virology.

Blog post

Taub B (2016) Music’s Effect On The Brain May Be Controlled By Dopamine Genes. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1979) Government Programs and Organization Affecting Exports. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nash MC (2017) Reading Achievement: A Study of Perceptions of First-Grade Teachers and the Relationship Between Attendance and Reading Achievement. Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel B (2017) Three Goals Early in Third Period Help Penguins Tighten Their Grip. New York Times B15

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Archives of Virology
Abbreviation	Arch. Virol.
ISSN (print)	0304-8608
ISSN (online)	1432-8798
Scope	Virology General Medicine