How to format your references using the Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Heber, U.: Astronomy. White dwarf mergers and the rebirth of luminous stars. Science. 296, 2344–2345 (2002)

A journal article with 2 authors

Cowman, A.F., Tonkin, C.J.: Microbiology. A tail of division. Science. 331, 409–410 (2011)

A journal article with 3 authors

Palm, N.W., Rosenstein, R.K., Medzhitov, R.: Allergic host defences. Nature. 484, 465–472 (2012)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Staniewicz, L., Vaudey, T., Degrandcourt, C., Couty, M., Gaboriaud, F., Midgley, P.: Electron tomography provides a direct link between the Payne effect and the inter-particle spacing of rubber composites. Sci. Rep. 4, 7389 (2014)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Saleh, A.K.M.E., Arashi, M., Tabatabaey, S.M.M.: Statistical Inference for Models with Multivariate t -Distributed Errors. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2014)

An edited book

Tankut, A.T. ed: Earthquakes and Tsunamis: Civil Engineering Disaster Mitigation Activities Implementing Millennium Development Goals. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht (2009)

A chapter in an edited book

Yang, X.J., Yeldandi, A.V.: Adrenal Gland. In: Zhai, Q. “jim” (ed.) Frozen Section Library: Endocrine Organs. pp. 173–205. Springer, New York, NY (2014)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering.

Blog post

Luntz, S.: Working the Weather By Laser, https://www.iflscience.com/environment/working-weather-laser/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: ADP, IRM & Telecommunications, 1985. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1986)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kurum, M.: L-band estimation of forest canopy attenuation by a time-domain analysis of radar backscatter response, (2009)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G.: Rain Stopped, and Weirdness Began, (2011)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering
Abbreviation	Arab. J. Sci. Eng.
ISSN (print)	1319-8025
ISSN (online)	2191-4281
Scope	Multidisciplinary