How to format your references using the Arab Journal of Gastroenterology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Arab Journal of Gastroenterology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteFind the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
[1]
Sohn E. Animal models: Dogged pursuit. Nature 2014;515:S172-3.
A journal article with 2 authors
[1]
Maslin M, Scott J. Carbon trading needs a multi-level approach. Nature 2011;475:445–7.
A journal article with 3 authors
[1]
Wang Z, Xu B, Zhou H-J. Social cycling and conditional responses in the Rock-Paper-Scissors game. Sci Rep 2014;4:5830.
A journal article with 7 or more authors
[1]
Müller P, Bouly J-P, Hitomi K, Balland V, Getzoff ED, Ritz T, et al. ATP binding turns plant cryptochrome into an efficient natural photoswitch. Sci Rep 2014;4:5175.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
[1]
Holmes JD. Great Myths of Education and Learning. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2016.
An edited book
[1]
Kim T-H, Adeli H, Fang W-C, Vasilakos T, Stoica A, Patrikakis CZ, et al., editors. Communication and Networking: International Conference, FGCN 2011, Held as Part of the Future Generation Information Technology Conference, FGIT 2011, in Conjunction with GDC 2011, Jeju Island, Korea, December 8-10, 2011. Proceedings, Part I. vol. 265. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.
A chapter in an edited book
[1]
Hagras H, Wagner C. Artefact Adaptation in Ambient Intelligent Environments. In: Minker W, Heinroth T, editors. Next Generation Intelligent Environments: Ambient Adaptive Systems, New York, NY: Springer; 2011, p. 127–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Arab Journal of Gastroenterology.

Blog post
[1]
Andrew E. Should We Worry About Arsenic In Baby Cereal And Drinking Water? IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/should-we-worry-about-arsenic-baby-cereal-and-drinking-water/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
[1]
Government Accountability Office. The Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1980.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
[1]
Giuseffi FG. Investigation of the Influence of the Socratic Method on Leadership Skills among JROTC Cadet Leaders at a Military Boarding School. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
[1]
Billard M. Jewelry Born Of Child’s Play. New York Times 2010:E7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal titleArab Journal of Gastroenterology
AbbreviationArab J. Gastroenterol.
ISSN (print)1687-1979
ScopeGastroenterology

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