How to format your references using the Aquatic Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Aquatic Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Inguscio M (2003) Physics. How to freeze out collisions. Science 300:1671–1673

A journal article with 2 authors

Diamond J, Bellwood P (2003) Farmers and their languages: the first expansions. Science 300:597–603

A journal article with 3 authors

Ishikawa H, Ma Z, Barber GN (2009) STING regulates intracellular DNA-mediated, type I interferon-dependent innate immunity. Nature 461:788–792

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Luo L-B, Zeng L-H, Xie C, et al (2014) Light trapping and surface plasmon enhanced high-performance NIR photodetector. Sci Rep 4:3914

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Blevins RD (2015) Formulas for Dynamics, Acoustics and Vibration. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Neel BG, Tonks NK (eds) (2016) Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Cancer. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Batra A, Portlock CS (2011) Principles of Chemotherapy in Hodgkin Lymphoma. In: Specht L, Yahalom J (eds) Radiotherapy for Hodgkin Lymphoma. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 45–52

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Aquatic Sciences.

Blog post

Andrews R (2015) Researchers Use Mutated Gene To “Handicap” Ebola Virus Growth. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/researchers-use-mutated-gene-handicap-ebola-virus-growth/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1982) Industrial Policy: Case Studies in the Japanese Experience. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kolaski GW (2010) Cultural awareness and the U.S. military advisor in the Arab Middle East: A phenomenological study. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel B (2017) After 5 Months of Work, U.S. Makes (and Earns) a Vital Point. New York Times B13

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Inguscio 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Diamond and Bellwood 2003; Inguscio 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Diamond and Bellwood 2003)
Three or more authors: (Luo et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Aquatic Sciences
Abbreviation	Aquat. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1015-1621
ISSN (online)	1420-9055
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Ecology Water Science and Technology