How to format your references using the Applied Thermal Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Thermal Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J.B. Anderson, Climate change. Ice sheet stability and sea-level rise, Science 315 (2007) 1803–1804.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

J.A. Lo, D.E. Fisher, The melanoma revolution: from UV carcinogenesis to a new era in therapeutics, Science 346 (2014) 945–949.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

V. Seufert, N. Ramankutty, J.A. Foley, Comparing the yields of organic and conventional agriculture, Nature 485 (2012) 229–232.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

X. Zhao, G. Meng, F. Han, X. Li, B. Chen, Q. Xu, X. Zhu, Z. Chu, M. Kong, Q. Huang, Nanocontainers made of various materials with tunable shape and size, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 2238.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

P. Brandimarte, Handbook in Monte Carlo Simulation, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2014.

An edited book

[1]

W. Tantikanangkul, A. Pritchard, eds., Politics of Autonomy and Sustainability in Myanmar: Change for New Hope…New Life?, Springer, Singapore, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

J.M.P. Cardoso, P.C. Diniz, Mapping and Execution Optimizations, in: P.C. Diniz (Ed.), Compilation Techniques for Reconfigurable Architectures, Springer US, Boston, MA, 2009: pp. 109–154.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Thermal Engineering.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, Astronomers May Have Witnessed The Birth Of A New Moon In Our Solar System, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/space/astronomers-may-have-witnessed-birth-new-moon-our-solar-system/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Tax Policy: Insufficient Information to Assess Effect of Tax Free Education Assistance, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

J.D. Brown, Disparity in healthcare among Black Americans in the United States, a review of the literature, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J.C. McKINLEY Jr, Man Who Said He Was Angry at Whites Gets 25 Years for Fatal Punch in Union Sq, New York Times (2017) A24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Thermal Engineering
Abbreviation	Appl. Therm. Eng.
ISSN (print)	1359-4311
Scope	Energy Engineering and Power Technology Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering