How to format your references using the Applied Thermal Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Thermal Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

R.J. Farrauto, Chemistry. Low-temperature oxidation of methane, Science 337 (2012) 659–660.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

J.D. Lambert, L.M. Nagy, Asymmetric inheritance of centrosomally localized mRNAs during embryonic cleavages, Nature 420 (2002) 682–686.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

T. Roychowdhury, A. Vishnoi, A. Bhattacharya, Next-Generation Anchor Based Phylogeny (NexABP): constructing phylogeny from next-generation sequencing data, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 2634.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

H. Yoshida-Ohuchi, M. Hosoda, T. Kanagami, M. Uegaki, H. Tashima, Reduction factors for wooden houses due to external γ-radiation based on in situ measurements after the Fukushima nuclear accident, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 7541.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

J. Anderson, M. Gaare, J. Holguín, N. Bailey, T. Pratley, Professional Clojure, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 2016.

An edited book

[1]

A. Fred, J.L.G. Dietz, K. Liu, J. Filipe, eds., Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management: Third International Joint Conference, IC3K 2011, Paris, France, October 26-29, 2011. Revised Selected Papers, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

T. Miller, The Class that didn’t Quite Work, in: M. Crowhurst (Ed.), Beginning Teachers: Reviewing Disastrous Lessons, SensePublishers, Rotterdam, 2015: pp. 29–31.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Thermal Engineering.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, This Ancient Fish Helps Bridge A Gap In Our Early Evolution, Before Animals Walked on Land, IFLScience (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/this-ancient-fish-helps-bridge-a-gap-in-our-early-evolution-before-animals-walked-on-land/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, FAA Computer Security: Actions Needed to Address Critical Weaknesses That Jeopardize Aviation Operations, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2000.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

J. Paredes, Critical Support for Central American Newcomer Youth and Schooling in One Southern California High School, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Leland, Black Enclave’s Newcomers: Mr. and Mrs. L.L.C, New York Times (2016) A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Thermal Engineering
Abbreviation	Appl. Therm. Eng.
ISSN (print)	1359-4311
Scope	Energy Engineering and Power Technology Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering