How to format your references using the Applied Nursing Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Nursing Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schmidt-Kaler, F. (2014). Quantum physics: feel the force. Nature, 510(7505), 349.

A journal article with 2 authors

Moore, D. E., & Rymer, M. J. (2007). Talc-bearing serpentinite and the creeping section of the San Andreas fault. Nature, 448(7155), 795–797.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hernlund, J. W., Thomas, C., & Tackley, P. J. (2005). A doubling of the post-perovskite phase boundary and structure of the Earth’s lowermost mantle. Nature, 434(7035), 882–886.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

D’Ambrosio, V., Cardano, F., Karimi, E., Nagali, E., Santamato, E., Marrucci, L., & Sciarrino, F. (2013). Test of mutually unbiased bases for six-dimensional photonic quantum systems. Scientific Reports, 3, 2726.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Peca, S. P. (2009). Real Estate Development and Investment. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Latifi, R. (Ed.). (2013). Surgery of Complex Abdominal Wall Defects. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Barden, B., DiVenere, J., Singh, H., & Mazzocca, A. D. (2015). Postoperative Shoulder Stiffness After Rotator Cuff Repair. In E. Itoi, G. Arce, G. I. Bain, R. L. Diercks, D. Guttmann, A. B. Imhoff, A. D. Mazzocca, H. Sugaya, & Y.-S. Yoo (Eds.), Shoulder Stiffness: Current Concepts and Concerns (pp. 49–73). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Nursing Research.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014, July 11). Cooling Newborns Lowers Their Risk for Brain Damage. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/cooling-newborns-lowers-their-risk-brain-damage/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2004). Regulatory Programs: Opportunities to Enhance Oversight of the Real Estate Appraisal Industry (GAO-04-580T). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pope, C. (2010). Words in the Garden [Doctoral dissertation]. Pacifica Graduate Institute.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gorman, J. (2017, May 15). Bees Are Good at Grooming. It’s All in the Hair. New York Times, D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Schmidt-Kaler, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Moore & Rymer, 2007; Schmidt-Kaler, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Moore & Rymer, 2007)
Three or more authors: (D’Ambrosio et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Nursing Research
Abbreviation	Appl. Nurs. Res.
ISSN (print)	0897-1897
Scope	General Nursing