How to format your references using the Applied Nursing Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Nursing Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Selkoe, D. J. (2002). Alzheimer’s disease is a synaptic failure. Science (New York, N.Y.), 298(5594), 789–791.

A journal article with 2 authors

Waldschmidt, T. J., & Noelle, R. J. (2001). Immunology. Long live the mature B cell--a baffling mystery resolved. Science (New York, N.Y.), 293(5537), 2012–2013.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mang, P. K., Larochelle, S., & Greven, M. (2003). Condensed-matter physics: spurious magnetism in high-T(c) superconductor. Nature, 426(6963), 139–140; discussion 140.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Wagner, J. R., Brunzelle, J. S., Forest, K. T., & Vierstra, R. D. (2005). A light-sensing knot revealed by the structure of the chromophore-binding domain of phytochrome. Nature, 438(7066), 325–331.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pijaudier-Cabot, G., La Borderie, C., Reess, T., Chen, W., Maurel, O., Rey-Berbeder, F., & de Ferron, A. (2016). Electrohydraulic Fracturing of Rocks. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Nordström, B., & Ranta, A. (Eds.). (2008). Advances in Natural Language Processing: 6th International Conference, GoTAL 2008 Gothenburg, Sweden, August 25-27, 2008 Proceedings (Vol. 5221). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Berger, A., Grimmer, M., & Müller-Hannemann, M. (2010). Fully Dynamic Speed-Up Techniques for Multi-criteria Shortest Path Searches in Time-Dependent Networks. In P. Festa (Ed.), Experimental Algorithms: 9th International Symposium, SEA 2010, Ischia Island, Naples, Italy, May 20-22, 2010. Proceedings (pp. 35–46). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Nursing Research.

Blog post

Hamilton, K. (2016, June 29). In A Bid For The Perfect Profile Pic, Young Men Are Increasingly Turning To Drugs. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/in-a-bid-for-the-perfect-profile-pic-young-men-are-increasingly-turning-to-steroids/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2004). Computer-Based Patient Records: VA and DOD Efforts to Exchange Health Data Could Benefit from Improved Planning and Project Management (GAO-04-687). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Barkley, W. C. (2008). Mars rover - Laser focusing and optimization [Doctoral dissertation]. University of California San Diego.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum, M. M. (2017, May 1). They’re Like a Sitcom. Really. New York Times, C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Selkoe, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Selkoe, 2002; Waldschmidt & Noelle, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Waldschmidt & Noelle, 2001)
Three authors: (Mang et al., 2003)
6 or more authors: (Wagner et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Nursing Research
Abbreviation	Appl. Nurs. Res.
ISSN (print)	0897-1897
Scope	General Nursing