How to format your references using the Applied Nursing Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Nursing Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kirshner, R. P. (2014). Astrophysics: Supernova seen through γ-ray eyes. Nature, 512(7515), 375–376.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hewak, D., & Gholipour, B. (2012). Materials science. Primed to remember. Science (New York, N.Y.), 336(6088), 1515–1516.

A journal article with 3 authors

Li, M., Butka, E., & Wang, X. (2014). Comprehensive quantification of triacylglycerols in soybean seeds by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry with multiple neutral loss scans. Scientific Reports, 4, 6581.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Balasubramanian, B., Mukherjee, P., Skomski, R., Manchanda, P., Das, B., & Sellmyer, D. J. (2014). Magnetic nanostructuring and overcoming Brown’s paradox to realize extraordinary high-temperature energy products. Scientific Reports, 4, 6265.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Biegelman, M. T. (2013). Faces of Fraud. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Linderfalk, U. (Ed.). (2007). On The Interpretation of Treaties: The Modern International Law as Expressed in the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (Vol. 83). Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Capozza, I. (2006). A dynamic game of technology diffusion under emissions trading: an experiment. In R. Antes, B. Hansjürgens, & P. Letmathe (Eds.), Emissions Trading and Business (pp. 53–71). Physica-Verlag HD.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Nursing Research.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2015, November 4). Man With Crohn’s Disease Shares Photo Of All The Medical Equipment He Uses Every Day To Prove That Looks Are Deceiving. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/crohns-sufferer-speaks-out-against-discrimination/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2000). Information Technology: Update on VA Actions to Implement Critical Reforms (T-AIMD-00-74). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Norris, C. (2014). What is Lost Along the Way [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L. (2005, November 20). At Museum Shops, Unusual Selections. New York Times, 14LI12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kirshner, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Hewak & Gholipour, 2012; Kirshner, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hewak & Gholipour, 2012)
Three authors: (Li et al., 2014)
6 or more authors: (Balasubramanian et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Nursing Research
Abbreviation	Appl. Nurs. Res.
ISSN (print)	0897-1897
Scope	General Nursing