How to format your references using the Applied Nanoscience citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Nanoscience. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Watt FM (2014) Mammalian skin cell biology: at the interface between laboratory and clinic. Science 346:937–940

A journal article with 2 authors

Treseder KK, Holden SR (2013) Ecology. Fungal carbon sequestration. Science 339:1528–1529

A journal article with 3 authors

Aggarwal PK, Basu AR, Kulkarni KM (2003) Comment on “Arsenic Mobility and Groundwater Extraction in Bangladesh” (I). Science 300:584; author reply 584

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Doshi R, Chen BR, Vibat CRT, et al (2014) In vitro nanobody discovery for integral membrane protein targets. Sci Rep 4:6760

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gauthier M, Andreff N, Dombre E (2014) Intracorporeal Robotics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, USA

An edited book

Preedy VR, Hunter L-A, Patel VB (eds) (2013) Diet Quality: An Evidence-Based Approach, Volume 2. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Rosati R (2006) Integrating Ontologies and Rules: Semantic and Computational Issues. In: Barahona P, Bry F, Franconi E, et al. (eds) Reasoning Web: Second International Summer School 2006, Lisbon, Portugal, September 4-8, 2006, Tutorial Lectures. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 128–151

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Nanoscience.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J (2017) One Of Earth’s Closest Failed Stars May Actually Be A Rogue Planet. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/one-of-earths-closest-failed-stars-may-actually-be-a-rogue-planet/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1993) State of the Airline Industry: Strategies for Addressing Financial and Competition Problems. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rees CL (2009) A systems-level investigation into the genetic determinants of childhood-onset schizophrenia. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J (2016) Mets’ Reed Finds Dominance in the Heart of the Plate. New York Times B12

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Watt 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Treseder and Holden 2013; Watt 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Treseder and Holden 2013)
Three or more authors: (Doshi et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Nanoscience
Abbreviation	Appl. Nanosci.
ISSN (print)	2190-5509
ISSN (online)	2190-5517
Scope