How to format your references using the Applied Intelligence citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Intelligence. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Shlesinger MF (2001) Physics in the noise. Nature 411:641

A journal article with 2 authors

Rosegrant MW, Cline SA (2003) Global food security: challenges and policies. Science 302:1917–1919

A journal article with 3 authors

Reznick DN, Mateos M, Springer MS (2002) Independent origins and rapid evolution of the placenta in the fish genus Poeciliopsis. Science 298:1018–1020

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Clemente-Blanco A, Mayán-Santos M, Schneider DA, et al (2009) Cdc14 inhibits transcription by RNA polymerase I during anaphase. Nature 458:219–222

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vignes A (2013) Extractive Metallurgy 3. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA

An edited book

Nin J, Villatoro D (2013) Citizen in Sensor Networks: First International Workshop, CitiSens 2012, Montpellier, France, August 27, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Dixon I, Whittaker G (2015) Streaming Media Around the Home. In: Whittaker G (ed) Entertainment Apps on the Go with Windows 10: Music, Movies, and TV for PCs, Tablets, and Phones. Apress, Berkeley, CA, pp 101–118

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Intelligence.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Two New Anti-HIV Molecules Identified. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/two-new-anti-hiv-molecules-identified/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2011) Electronic Government: Performance Measures for Projects Aimed at Promoting Innovation and Transparency Can Be Improved. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chaves JS (2009) Novel approach for the creation of thin films and interconnects using single walled carbon nanotubes inkjet technology and bacteria. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Qiu L (2017) Bold Talk On Gangs And Sugar. New York Times A19

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Intelligence
Abbreviation	Appl. Intell.
ISSN (print)	0924-669X
ISSN (online)	1573-7497
Scope	Artificial Intelligence