How to format your references using the Applied Ergonomics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Ergonomics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Baker, M., 2012. Biorepositories: Building better biobanks. Nature 486, 141–146.

A journal article with 2 authors

Stark, C.P., Stieglitz, M., 2000. Hydrology. The sting in a fractal tail. Nature 403, 493, 495.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mansouri, F.A., Buckley, M.J., Tanaka, K., 2007. Mnemonic function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in conflict-induced behavioral adjustment. Science 318, 987–990.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Giraldez, A.J., Cinalli, R.M., Glasner, M.E., Enright, A.J., Thomson, J.M., Baskerville, S., Hammond, S.M., Bartel, D.P., Schier, A.F., 2005. MicroRNAs regulate brain morphogenesis in zebrafish. Science 308, 833–838.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Brown, B.L., Hendrix, S.B., Hedges, D.W., Smith, T.B., 2011. Multivariate Analysis for the Biobehavioral and Social Sciences. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

S, M., Kumar, S.S. (Eds.), 2013. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Signal and Image Processing 2012 (ICSIP 2012): Volume 1, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer India, New Delhi.

A chapter in an edited book

Simons, R.A., Pai, S.H., 2008. Indigenous Land Claims in Canada: A Retrospective Analysis, in: Small, G., Malmgren, R.M., Simons, R.A. (Eds.), Indigenous Peoples and Real Estate Valuation, Research Issues in Real Estate. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp. 77–101.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Ergonomics.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2015. Galapagos Island Hosts First Baby Tortoises In A Century [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/galapagos-island-hosts-first-baby-tortoises-century/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1996. Higher Education: Tuition Increasing Faster Than Household Income and Public Colleges’ Costs (No. HEHS-96-154). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Huff, H.K., 2013. Thumb Twiddle Glossolalia: The Soumage (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L., 2007. Insider Named President of Farmingdale College. New York Times LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Baker, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Baker, 2012; Stark and Stieglitz, 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Stark and Stieglitz, 2000)
Three or more authors: (Giraldez et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Ergonomics
Abbreviation	Appl. Ergon.
ISSN (print)	0003-6870
Scope	General Medicine Human Factors and Ergonomics Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation