How to format your references using the Applied Adhesion Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Adhesion Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Dalton R. Golf course threatens to leave hole in fossil records. Nature. 2001;412:572.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Richardson AJ, Schoeman DS. Climate impact on plankton ecosystems in the Northeast Atlantic. Science. 2004;305:1609–12.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Aubert J, Finlay CC, Fournier A. Bottom-up control of geomagnetic secular variation by the Earth’s inner core. Nature. 2013;502:219–23.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Lange A, Wickström SA, Jakobson M, Zent R, Sainio K, Fässler R. Integrin-linked kinase is an adaptor with essential functions during mouse development. Nature. 2009;461:1002–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Welsh AH. Aspects of Statistical Inference: Welsh/Aspects. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1996.

An edited book

1. Secchi D, Neumann M, editors. Agent-Based Simulation of Organizational Behavior: New Frontiers of Social Science Research. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Qiao J, Liu J. A SVM-Based Blur Identification Algorithm for Image Restoration and Resolution Enhancement. In: Gabrys B, Howlett RJ, Jain LC, editors. Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems: 10th International Conference, KES 2006, Bournemouth, UK, October 9-11, 2006 Proceedings, Part II. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006. p. 28–35.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Adhesion Science.

Blog post

1. Andrew D. Curbing The Marijuana Industry’s Voracious Energy Appetite [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/curbing-the-marijuana-industrys-voracious-energy-appetite/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Truck Transport: Little Is Known About Hauling Garbage and Food in the Same Vehicles. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990 Jun. Report No.: RCED-90-161.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Berbery ML. Predictors of White adoptive parents’ cultural and racial socialization behaviors with their Asian adopted children [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Schwartz J. High-Stakes Test for Carbon Capture. New York Times. 2017 Jan 2;D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Adhesion Science
Abbreviation	Appl. Adhes. Sci.
ISSN (online)	2196-4351
Scope