How to format your references using the AORN Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for AORN Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Willett WC. Balancing life-style and genomics research for disease prevention. Science. 2002;296(5568):695-698.

A journal article with 2 authors

Frank SA, Nowak MA. Cell biology: Developmental predisposition to cancer. Nature. 2003;422(6931):494.

A journal article with 3 authors

Schliekelman P, Garner C, Slatkin M. Natural selection and resistance to HIV. Nature. 2001;411(6837):545-546.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Clyde DE, Corado MSG, Wu X, Paré A, Papatsenko D, Small S. A self-organizing system of repressor gradients establishes segmental complexity in Drosophila. Nature. 2003;426(6968):849-853.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Adam C. Forensic Evidence in Court. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

Simpson TW, Siddique Z, Jiao JR, eds. Product Platform and Product Family Design: Methods and Applications. Springer US; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

Damon J, Giblin P, Haslinger G. Singularity Equivalence Groups Capturing Interactions. In: Giblin P, Haslinger G, eds. Local Features in Natural Images via Singularity Theory. Lecture Notes in Mathematics. Springer International Publishing; 2016:41-71.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for AORN Journal.

Blog post

Andrew E. What Are The Odds Of An Alien Megastructure Blocking Light From A Distant Star? IFLScience. October 22, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/what-are-odds-alien-megastructure-blocking-light-distant-star/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. A Long-Term Plan Is Needed To Guide DOE and Multiprogram Laboratory Research and Development Activities. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1984.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Grijalva JA. Exploring Cultural Finance: A Phenomenological Approach to Comparative Cultural Perceptions of Money in Mexico. Doctoral dissertation. Northcentral University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K. An Homage to France. New York Times. July 5, 2009:NJ9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	AORN Journal
Abbreviation	AORN J.
ISSN (print)	0001-2092
Scope	Medical–Surgical