How to format your references using the Antiviral Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Antiviral Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Glaeser, E., 2011. Cities, productivity, and quality of life. Science 333, 592–594.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pujolle-Robic, C., Noirez, L., 2001. Observation of shear-induced nematic-isotropic transition in side-chain liquid crystal polymers. Nature 409, 167–171.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ghoshal, G., Chi, L., Barabási, A.-L., 2013. Uncovering the role of elementary processes in network evolution. Sci. Rep. 3, 2920.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Putterman, S., Evans, P.G., Vazquez, G., Weninger, K., 2001. Is there a simple theory of sonoluminescence? Nature 409, 782–783.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Patterson, S.J., Radtke, J.M., 2009. Strategic Communications for Nonprofit Organizations. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Murray, N., Scarino, A. (Eds.), 2014. Dynamic Ecologies: A Relational Perspective on Languages Education in the Asia-Pacific Region, Multilingual Education. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Wang, S., Lv, F., 2013. Biomacromolecule Delivery System Based on Functionalized Conjugated Polyelectrolytes, in: Lv, F. (Ed.), Functionalized Conjugated Polyelectrolytes: Design and Biomedical Applications, SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 57–63.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Antiviral Research.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2015. Cassini Starts Flyby Through Enceladus’ Ice Volcano Plumes [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/cassini-starts-flyby-through-enceladus-ice-volcano-plumes/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1994. Rural Children: Increasing Poverty Rates Pose Educational Challenges (No. HEHS-94-75BR). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hogue, M.L., 2012. A Case Study of Perspectives on Building School and Community Partnerships (Doctoral dissertation). University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel, B., 2017. Missing Tournament, Indiana Fires Coach. New York Times B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Glaeser, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Glaeser, 2011; Pujolle-Robic and Noirez, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pujolle-Robic and Noirez, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Putterman et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Antiviral Research
Abbreviation	Antiviral Res.
ISSN (print)	0166-3542
Scope	Virology Pharmacology