How to format your references using the Annual Review of Virology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annual Review of Virology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gardiner JR. 2015. Ecology: Foraging further. Nature. 526(7575):646

A journal article with 2 authors

Jing Z, Wu L. 2014. Intensified diapycnal mixing in the midlatitude western boundary currents. Sci. Rep. 4:7412

A journal article with 3 authors

Akselrod M, Herzog MH, Öğmen H. 2014. Tracing path-guided apparent motion in human primary visual cortex V1. Sci. Rep. 4:6063

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Stone EC, Cummings AC, McDonald FB, Heikkila BC, Lal N, Webber WR. 2005. Voyager 1 explores the termination shock region and the heliosheath beyond. Science. 309(5743):2017–20

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Liebhart R, Chandramouli D, Wong C, Merkel J. 2015. LTE for Public Safety. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

An edited book

Perez-Ruiz F. 2014. Managing Gout in Primary Care. Tarporley: Springer Healthcare Ltd. XI, 69 p. 20 illus., 18 illus. in color p.

A chapter in an edited book

Muraoka M, Tohmyoh H. 2011. Evaluation of Mechanical Properties. In Metallic Micro and Nano Materials: Fabrication with Atomic Diffusion, ed M Saka, pp. 93–141. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annual Review of Virology.

Blog post

Davis J. 2017. Researchers Create Artificial Mouse “Embryo” From Stem Cells. IFLScience. www.iflscience.com

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1998. Elementary and Secondary Education: Flexibility Initiatives Do Not Address Districts’ Key Concerns About Federal Requirements. HEHS-98-232, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Joseph S. 2009. A comprehensive evaluation of a school system’s grow your own principal preparation program. Doctoral dissertation thesis. George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barron J. 2017. For Architect, Making A Calmer Restaurant Was Very Stressful. New York Times, Oct. 8, p. A21

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Annual Review of Virology
Abbreviation	Annu. Rev. Virol.
ISSN (print)	2327-056X
ISSN (online)	2327-0578
Scope	Virology