How to format your references using the Annual Review of Virology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annual Review of Virology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

McKinnon WB. 2012. Planetary science. The strangest terrestrial planet. Science. 336(6078):162–63

A journal article with 2 authors

King DA, Thomas SM. 2007. Big lessons for a healthy future. Nature. 449(7164):791–92

A journal article with 3 authors

Mayor M, Lovis C, Santos NC. 2014. Doppler spectroscopy as a path to the detection of Earth-like planets. Nature. 513(7518):328–35

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Liang Y-L, Khoshouei M, Glukhova A, Furness SGB, Zhao P, et al. 2018. Phase-plate cryo-EM structure of a biased agonist-bound human GLP-1 receptor-Gs complex. Nature. 555(7694):121–25

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Williamson T. 2013. Identity and Discrimination. The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

An edited book

Kronland-Martinet R, Ystad S, Jensen K, eds. 2008. Computer Music Modeling and Retrieval. Sense of Sounds: 4th International Symposium, CMMR 2007, Copenhagen, Denmark, August 27-31, 2007. Revised Papers, Vol. 4969. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. XII, 508 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Bodo E, Migliorati V. 2014. Theoretical Description of Ionic Liquids. In The Structure of Ionic Liquids, ed R Caminiti, L Gontrani, pp. 127–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annual Review of Virology.

Blog post

Carpineti A. 2017. Supermassive Black Hole Is Choking On Star Stuff. IFLScience. www.iflscience.com

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1976. GAO and Federal Government ADP Procurement. 100060, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Neil S. 2012. A turn from the worst: Leadership influences on the successful turnaround of a high-poverty school. Doctoral dissertation thesis. Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Burghardt LF. 2006. Mutiny in the Harbor: One Ship Too Many. New York Times, June 4, p. 14CN6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Annual Review of Virology
Abbreviation	Annu. Rev. Virol.
ISSN (print)	2327-056X
ISSN (online)	2327-0578
Scope	Virology