How to format your references using the Annual Review of Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annual Review of Microbiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Miyashita Y. 2004. Cognitive memory: cellular and network machineries and their top-down control. Science. 306(5695):435–40

A journal article with 2 authors

Smith MP, Harper DAT. 2013. Earth science. Causes of the Cambrian explosion. Science. 341(6152):1355–56

A journal article with 3 authors

Takahashi T, Svoboda K, Malinow R. 2003. Experience strengthening transmission by driving AMPA receptors into synapses. Science. 299(5612):1585–88

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Gallo E, Fender R, Kaiser C, Russell D, Morganti R, et al. 2005. A dark jet dominates the power output of the stellar black hole Cygnus X-1. Nature. 436(7052):819–21

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Peter M, Scheer C. 2015. Holzbau-Taschenbuch. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA

An edited book

Hughes D. 2016. The New Music Industries: Disruption and Discovery. Cham: Springer International Publishing. XIX, 137 p. 11 illus p.

A chapter in an edited book

Yamano H, Hongo C, Sugihara K, Yara Y, Nakao Y, Fujii M. 2014. Current Status of the National Coral Database in Japan: Dataset Development, Applications, and Future Directions. In Integrative Observations and Assessments, ed S-I Nakano, T Yahara, T Nakashizuka, pp. 65–81. Tokyo: Springer Japan

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annual Review of Microbiology.

Blog post

Fang J. 2014. Victimized Birds Fight Back Against Parasitic Cuckoos. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/victimized-birds-fight-back-against-parasitic-cuckoos/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1997. Core Competencies for Financial System Analysts in the Federal Government (Exposure Draft). CC–4, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kent L. 2017. Justification-Suppression of Gender and Race Bias in Hiring: The Impact of Accountability. Doctoral dissertation thesis. Southern Illinois University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY JC Jr. 2017. Prosecutors Drop Charges Against a Bronx Teenager. New York Times, Sep. 6, p. A20

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (2).
This sentence cites two references (2, 4).
This sentence cites four references (3, 5, 7, 8).

About the journal

Full journal title	Annual Review of Microbiology
Abbreviation	Annu. Rev. Microbiol.
ISSN (print)	0066-4227
ISSN (online)	1545-3251
Scope	Microbiology