How to format your references using the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lippard SJ. 2007. Obituary: Frank Albert Cotton (1930-2007). Nature. 446(7136):626

A journal article with 2 authors

Showalter MR, Hamilton DP. 2015. Resonant interactions and chaotic rotation of Pluto’s small moons. Nature. 522(7554):45–49

A journal article with 3 authors

Indjeian VB, Stern BM, Murray AW. 2005. The centromeric protein Sgo1 is required to sense lack of tension on mitotic chromosomes. Science. 307(5706):130–33

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Nowakowski TJ, Bhaduri A, Pollen AA, Alvarado B, Mostajo-Radji MA, et al. 2017. Spatiotemporal gene expression trajectories reveal developmental hierarchies of the human cortex. Science. 358(6368):1318–23

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Khan MM, Islam MR. 2016. Zero Waste Engineering. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Li SZ. 2005. Handbook of Face Recognition. New York, NY: Springer

A chapter in an edited book

Rubin A, Riznichenko G. 2014. Oscillations and Periodic Space Structures oscillations and periodic space structures of pH and Electric Potential Along the Cell Membrane of Algae Chara corallina. In Mathematical Biophysics, ed. G Riznichenko, pp. 69–81. Boston, MA: Springer US

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics.

Blog post

Fang J. 2014. First Possible Exomoon Found. IFLScience. www.iflscience.com

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2016. Emergency Communications: Improved Procurement of Land Mobile Radios Could Enhance Interoperability and Cut Costs. GAO-17-12, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gross J. 2010. High-performance dram system design constraints and considerations. Doctoral dissertation thesis. University of Maryland, College Park

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Jacoby S. 2016. Sick and Tired of ‘God Bless America.’ New York Times, Feb. 5, , p. SR3

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lippard 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Lippard 2007; Showalter & Hamilton 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Showalter & Hamilton 2015)
Three or more authors: (Nowakowski et al. 2017)

About the journal

Full journal title	Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
Abbreviation	Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst.
ISSN (print)	1543-592X
ISSN (online)	1545-2069
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Ecology