How to format your references using the Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Ramamurthi KS. Molecular biology. mRNA delivers the goods. Science 2011;331:1021–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Fialko Y, Pearse J. Sombrero uplift above the Altiplano-Puna Magma Body: evidence of a ballooning mid-crustal diapir. Science 2012;338:250–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Pagel M, Venditti C, Meade A. Large punctuational contribution of speciation to evolutionary divergence at the molecular level. Science 2006;314:119–21.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Cho J-Y, Tse MK, Holmes D, Maleczka RE Jr, Smith MR 3rd. Remarkably selective iridium catalysts for the elaboration of aromatic C-H bonds. Science 2002;295:305–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Keiser G. FTTX Concepts and Applications. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2006.

An edited book

[1]

Finn A, Curtis N, Pollard AJ, editors. Hot Topics in Infection and Immunity in Children V. vol. 634. New York, NY: Springer US; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Sanders JC, Koll R, Dull RO. CYP2D6: Where It All Began. In: Marcucci C, Hutchens MP, Wittwer ED, Weingarten TN, Sprung J, Nicholson WT, et al., editors. A Case Approach to Perioperative Drug-Drug Interactions, New York, NY: Springer; 2015, p. 29–32.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew D. Six Reasons Why Food Is A Really Big Deal. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/six-reasons-why-food-is-a-really-big-deal/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Access to Space: Issues Associated With DOD’s Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Mayfield KM. Project managers’ experience and description of decision uncertainty associated with the agile software development methodology: A phenomenological study. Doctoral dissertation. Capella University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Yablonsky L. Artists in Residence. New York Times 2010:M224.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine
Abbreviation	Ann. Phys. Rehabil. Med.
ISSN (print)	1877-0657
Scope	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Rehabilitation