How to format your references using the Annals of Operations Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Operations Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteFind the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
Nadis, S. (2000). The sky’s the limit as radio telescope array is approved. Nature, 406(6797), 665–666.
A journal article with 2 authors
Rothman, D. H., & Forney, D. C. (2007). Physical model for the decay and preservation of marine organic carbon. Science (New York, N.Y.), 316(5829), 1325–1328.
A journal article with 3 authors
Ma, H., Sun, H., & Sun, X. (2014). Survival improvement by decade of patients aged 0-14 years with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a SEER analysis. Scientific reports, 4, 4227.
A journal article with 8 or more authors
Pregueiro, A. M., Liu, Q., Baker, C. L., Dunlap, J. C., & Loros, J. J. (2006). The Neurospora checkpoint kinase 2: a regulatory link between the circadian and cell cycles. Science (New York, N.Y.), 313(5787), 644–649.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
Massari, M., Gianfrate, G., & Zanetti, L. (2016). Corporate Valuation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
An edited book
Wagner, H.-J. (2009). Introduction to Wind Energy Systems: Basics, Technology and Operation. (J. Mathur, Ed.). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.
A chapter in an edited book
Skorupa, G. (2014). Method of Constructing the Cognitive State for Context-Dependent Utterances in the Form of Conditionals. In N. T. Nguyen (Ed.), Transactions on Computational Collective Intelligence XIV (pp. 100–119). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Operations Research.

Blog post
Andrew, E. (2016, April 26). What We Learned From Chernobyl About How Radiation Affects Our Bodies. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/what-we-learned-chernobyl-about-how-radiation-affects-our-bodies/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
Government Accountability Office. (1994). Commercial Practices: Opportunities Exist to Enhance DOD’s Sales of Surplus Aircraft Parts (No. NSIAD-94-189). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
Clement, T. E. (2009). The makings of digital modernism: Rereading Gertrude Stein’s “The Making of Americans” and poetry by Elsa von Freytag -Loringhoven (Doctoral dissertation). University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
Wagner, J. (2017, August 12). First-Base Prospect Finally Lives the Dream During a Mets Victory. New York Times, p. D2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Nadis 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Nadis 2000; Rothman and Forney 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

  • Two authors: (Rothman and Forney 2007)
  • Three or more authors: (Pregueiro et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal titleAnnals of Operations Research
AbbreviationAnn. Oper. Res.
ISSN (print)0254-5330
ISSN (online)1572-9338
ScopeGeneral Decision Sciences
Management Science and Operations Research

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