How to format your references using the Annals of Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hedin LO. Biogeochemistry: signs of saturation in the tropical carbon sink. Nature. March 19, 2015;519(7543):295–296.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ekert A, Renner R. The ultimate physical limits of privacy. Nature. March 27, 2014;507(7493):443–447.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jung H, Green HW II, Dobrzhinetskaya LF. Intermediate-depth earthquake faulting by dehydration embrittlement with negative volume change. Nature. April 1, 2004;428(6982):545–549.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Nakahata Y, Sahar S, Astarita G, Kaluzova M, Sassone-Corsi P. Circadian control of the NAD+ salvage pathway by CLOCK-SIRT1. Science. May 1, 2009;324(5927):654–657.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Eisner H. Managing Complex Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2005.

An edited book

Schomburg D, Schomburg I (eds). Springer Handbook of Enzymes: Class 1 • Oxidoreductases VIII EC 1.5, Second Edition. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer 2005. (Springer Handbook of Enzymes; vol. 23).

A chapter in an edited book

Shultz L. Engaged Scholarship in a Time of the Corporatization of the University and Distrust of the Public Sphere. In Shultz L, Kajner T (eds): Engaged Scholarship: The Politics of Engagement and Disengagement Rotterdam: SensePublishers 2013; 43–53.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Oncology.

Blog post

Andrews R. Experiments Show That Microbes Could Definitely Survive On Mars [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience 2017 [cited October 30, 2018]. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/experiments-microbes-survive-mars/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. NSA Methods of Acquiring Automatic Data Processing Equipment. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1976 Jun. Report No.: LCD-76-123.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Slotnick A. Status symbols in triathlete culture [Doctoral dissertation]. [Boca Raton, FL]: Florida Atlantic University 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. World Cup Draw Portends More Peril Than Promise. New York Times December 2, 2009;B12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Oncology
Abbreviation	Ann. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	0923-7534
ISSN (online)	1569-8041
Scope	Hematology Oncology