How to format your references using the Annals of Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Marris E. Carbon copies. Nature. February 8, 2007;445(7128):584–585.

A journal article with 2 authors

Collier P, Alles CM. Materials science. Materials ecology: an industrial perspective. Science. November 12, 2010;330(6006):919–920.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yang Y, Dong Y, Chawla NV. Predicting node degree centrality with the node prominence profile. Sci Rep. November 28, 2014;4:7236.

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Maldonado RA, Irvine DJ, Schreiber R, Glimcher LH. A role for the immunological synapse in lineage commitment of CD4 lymphocytes. Nature. September 30, 2004;431(7008):527–532.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Harrison RG. Meteorological Measurements and Instrumentation. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2014.

An edited book

Khaitan SK, McCalley JD, Liu CC (eds). Cyber Physical Systems Approach to Smart Electric Power Grid. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer 2015. (Power Systems).

A chapter in an edited book

Cutolo F, Carbone M, Parchi PD, Ferrari V, Lisanti M, Ferrari M. Application of a New Wearable Augmented Reality Video See-Through Display to Aid Percutaneous Procedures in Spine Surgery. In De Paolis LT, Mongelli A (eds): Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and Computer Graphics: Third International Conference, AVR 2016, Lecce, Italy, June 15-18, 2016 Proceedings, Part II Cham: Springer International Publishing 2016; 43–54. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Oncology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Is Aircraft Cabin Air Toxic? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience 2015 [cited October 30, 2018]. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/aircraft-cabin-air-toxic/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Summary of United States Assistance to Jordan. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1973 Aug. Report No.: B-179001.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Janairo B. Recovering Together: A Psychosocial Support Group for Young Adults with Schizophrenia and the People in Their Lives: A Grant Proposal [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum MM, Victor D. Fox News Retracts Theory On Killing of D.N.C. Aide. New York Times May 23, 2017;B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Oncology
Abbreviation	Ann. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	0923-7534
ISSN (online)	1569-8041
Scope	Hematology Oncology