How to format your references using the Annals of Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Microbiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kiick KL (2007) Materials science. Polymer therapeutics. Science 317:1182–1183

A journal article with 2 authors

Lee S-J, Masliah E (2015) Neurodegeneration: Aggregates feel the strain. Nature 522:296–297

A journal article with 3 authors

Spandler C, O’Neill HSC, Kamenetsky VS (2007) Survival times of anomalous melt inclusions from element diffusion in olivine and chromite. Nature 447:303–306

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Min J, Jang J, Keum D, et al (2013) Fluorescent microscopy beyond diffraction limits using speckle illumination and joint support recovery. Sci Rep 3:2075

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bates J, Gallon C, Bocci M, et al (2006) Converged Multimedia Networks. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Fischinger M (ed) (2014) Performance-Based Seismic Engineering: Vision for an Earthquake Resilient Society. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Majorana E, Inguscio M, Minardi F (2006) On the possible anomalous terms of helium. In: Bassani GF (ed) Ettore Majorana Scientific Papers: On occasion of the centenary of his birth. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 59–74

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Microbiology.

Blog post

Davis J (2016) Progress Made In Creating Babies With Three Biological Parents. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/progress-made-in-creating-babies-with-three-biological-parents/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2015) Space Acquisitions: Some Programs Have Overcome Past Problems, but Challenges and Uncertainty Remain for the Future. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rountree BL (2010) Theory and practice of dynamic voltage /frequency scaling in the high performance computing environment. Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Bernard TS (2016) Reading, Writing and Rip-Offs. New York Times BU1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kiick 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Kiick 2007; Lee and Masliah 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lee and Masliah 2015)
Three or more authors: (Min et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Microbiology
Abbreviation	Ann. Microbiol.
ISSN (print)	1590-4261
ISSN (online)	1869-2044
Scope	Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology