How to format your references using the Annals of Finance citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Finance. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rind, D.: The Sun’s role in climate variations. Science. 296, 673–677 (2002)

A journal article with 2 authors

Loring, J.F., Campbell, C.: Science and law. Intellectual property and human embryonic stem cell research. Science. 311, 1716–1717 (2006)

A journal article with 3 authors

Lyko, F., Ramsahoye, B.H., Jaenisch, R.: DNA methylation in Drosophila melanogaster. Nature. 408, 538–540 (2000)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Feng, P., Niu, M., Gao, C., Peng, S., Shuai, C.: A novel two-step sintering for nano-hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Sci. Rep. 4, 5599 (2014)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dye, F.J.: Dictionary of Stem Cells, Regenerative Medicine, and Translational Medicine. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey (2017)

An edited book

Lindler, L.E., Lebeda, F.J., Korch, G.W. eds: Biological Weapons Defense: Infectious Diseases and Counterbioterrorism. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ (2005)

A chapter in an edited book

Bichsel, P., Camenisch, J., De Decker, B., Lapon, J., Naessens, V., Sommer, D.: Data-Minimizing Authentication Goes Mobile. In: Decker, B.D. and Chadwick, D.W. (eds.) Communications and Multimedia Security: 13th IFIP TC 6/TC 11 International Conference, CMS 2012, Canterbury, UK, September 3-5, 2012. Proceedings. pp. 55–71. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2012)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Finance.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: If Everyone Lived in An ‘Ecovillage’, the Earth Would Still be in Trouble, https://www.iflscience.com/environment/if-everyone-lived-ecovillage-earth-would-still-be-trouble/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Space Shuttle: NASA Should Implement Independent Oversight of Software Development. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1991)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Clark, B.M.: Faculty Perceptions of the Importance of Internationalizing the General Education Curriculum in the Florida College System, (2013)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, M.: Perot Tells It His Way - Take It Or Leave It, (1992)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rind 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Loring and Campbell 2006; Rind 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Loring and Campbell 2006)
Three or more authors: (Feng et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Finance
Abbreviation	Ann. Fin.
ISSN (print)	1614-2446
ISSN (online)	1614-2454
Scope	General Economics, Econometrics and Finance Finance