How to format your references using the Annals of Diagnostic Pathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Diagnostic Pathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Arena BJ. Outside my comfort zone. Science 2014;345:842.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Libuda DE, Winston F. Amplification of histone genes by circular chromosome formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nature 2006;443:1003–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Fan Y, Yu D, Yao Y-G. Tree shrew database (TreeshrewDB): a genomic knowledge base for the Chinese tree shrew. Sci Rep 2014;4:7145.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Knott SRV, Wagenblast E, Khan S, Kim SY, Soto M, Wagner M, et al. Erratum: Asparagine bioavailability governs metastasis in a model of breast cancer. Nature 2018;556:135.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Daïan J-F. Equilibrium and Transfer in Porous Media 1. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Kowalczyk R, Huhns M, Klusch M, Maamar Z, Vo QB, editors. Service-Oriented Computing: Agents, Semantics, and Engineering: AAMAS 2008 International Workshop, SOCASE 2008, Estoril, Portugal, May 12, 2008 Proceedings. vol. 5006. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Marshall J-C, Bakalian S, Maria de Oliveira Martins C. Metastasis Suppressor Genes. In: Burnier JV, Burnier MN Jr, editors. Experimental and Clinical Metastasis: A Comprehensive Review, New York, NY: Springer; 2013, p. 37–47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Diagnostic Pathology.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Do Try This At Home. IFLScience 2013. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/do-try-home/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. FAA Financing: Issues and Options in Deciding to Reinstate or Replace the Airline Ticket Tax. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Delaney RM. A qualitative descriptive case study explaining professional development in community corrections. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Burghardt LF. Appeal Goes Against Couple’s Animal Shelter. New York Times 2007:14LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Diagnostic Pathology
Abbreviation	Ann. Diagn. Pathol.
ISSN (print)	1092-9134
Scope	General Medicine Pathology and Forensic Medicine