How to format your references using the Annals of Diagnostic Pathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Diagnostic Pathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Wilkinson DM. At cross purposes. Nature 2001;412:485.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Wang D, Su G. New strategy to promote conversion efficiency using high-index nanostructures in thin-film solar cells. Sci Rep 2014;4:7165.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Costello MJ, May RM, Stork NE. Can we name Earth’s species before they go extinct? Science 2013;339:413–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Wei C-J, Boyington JC, McTamney PM, Kong W-P, Pearce MB, Xu L, et al. Induction of broadly neutralizing H1N1 influenza antibodies by vaccination. Science 2010;329:1060–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Martin JE. Physics for Radiation Protection. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2013.

An edited book

[1]

Dekhtyar Y, Katashev A, Lancere L, editors. International Symposium on Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics, 10-12 October, 2012, Riga, Latvia. vol. 38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Rheinberger H-J. Writing Works: A Reaction to Michael Cahn’s Paper. In: Chemla K, editor. History of Science, History of Text, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2004, p. 95–103.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Diagnostic Pathology.

Blog post

[1]

Taub B. Herpes Kills Your Butthole Neurons And Makes You Constipated. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/herpes-kills-your-butthole-neurons-and-makes-you-constipated/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Month In Review, July 1999: Reports, Testimony, Correspondence, and Other Publications. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Cox ET. Prenatal cocaine: Effects on neonatal vocalizations, cue-induced maternal response, and brain development. Doctoral dissertation. University of North Carolina, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Wagner J. Cespedes Said to Accept Highest Salary in Mets History. New York Times 2016:B12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Diagnostic Pathology
Abbreviation	Ann. Diagn. Pathol.
ISSN (print)	1092-9134
Scope	General Medicine Pathology and Forensic Medicine