How to format your references using the animal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for animal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Feldheim, D.L., 2007. Chemistry. The new face of catalysis. Science (New York, N.Y.) 316, 699–700.

A journal article with 2 authors

Iwasaki, A., Medzhitov, R., 2010. Regulation of adaptive immunity by the innate immune system. Science (New York, N.Y.) 327, 291–295.

A journal article with 3 authors

Francis, N.J., Kingston, R.E., Woodcock, C.L., 2004. Chromatin compaction by a polycomb group protein complex. Science (New York, N.Y.) 306, 1574–1577.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Laprise, P., Lau, K.M., Harris, K.P., Silva-Gagliardi, N.F., Paul, S.M., Beronja, S., Beitel, G.J., McGlade, C.J., Tepass, U., 2009. Yurt, Coracle, Neurexin IV and the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase form a novel group of epithelial polarity proteins. Nature 459, 1141–1145.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Askoolum, A., 2007. System Building with APL + Win. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Ramírez-Domínguez, M. (Ed.), 2016. Pancreatic Islet Isolation: From the Mouse to the Clinic, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Haines, A.J., Dimitrova, L.L., Wallace, L.M., Williams, C.A., 2015. Application to Central South Island, New Zealand. In Enhanced Surface Imaging of Crustal Deformation: Obtaining Tectonic Force Fields Using GPS Data, SpringerBriefs in Earth Sciences (eds. Dimitrova, L.L., Wallace, L.M., Williams, C.A.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 63–75.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for animal.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J., 2017. Check Out These Amazing Photos Of SpaceX’s Latest Super-Accurate Rocket Landing. IFLScience. Retrieved on 30 October 2018 from https://www.iflscience.com/space/check-out-these-amazing-photos-of-spacexs-latest-rocket-landing/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1985. Institutional Aid Under Title III of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (No. 127541). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

VanQuickenborne, T., 2010. Exploring generative change. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L., 2006. Court Upholds Arizona Limits Imposed on Insanity Defense. New York Times A19.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Feldheim, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Iwasaki and Medzhitov, 2010; Feldheim, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Iwasaki and Medzhitov, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Laprise et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	animal
Abbreviation	Animal
ISSN (print)	1751-7311
ISSN (online)	1751-732X
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology