How to format your references using the animal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for animal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hertwig, R., 2012. Psychology. Tapping into the wisdom of the crowd--with confidence. Science (New York, N.Y.) 336, 303–304.

A journal article with 2 authors

Medina-Elizalde, M., Lea, D.W., 2005. The mid-Pleistocene transition in the tropical Pacific. Science (New York, N.Y.) 310, 1009–1012.

A journal article with 3 authors

Watson, E.B., Thomas, J.B., Cherniak, D.J., 2007. 40Ar retention in the terrestrial planets. Nature 449, 299–304.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wang, X., Li, X., Zhang, L., Yoon, Y., Weber, P.K., Wang, H., Guo, J., Dai, H., 2009. N-doping of graphene through electrothermal reactions with ammonia. Science (New York, N.Y.) 324, 768–771.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lebowitz, E.R., Omer, H., 2013. Treating Childhood and Adolescent Anxiety. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Martella, C., 2015. Practical Graph Analytics with Apache Giraph. Apress, Berkeley, CA.

A chapter in an edited book

Julian, S.R., 2015. Quantum Oscillation Measurements Applied to Strongly Correlated Electron Systems. In Strongly Correlated Systems: Experimental Techniques, Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences (eds. Avella, A., Mancini, F.). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 137–172.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for animal.

Blog post

Taub, B., 2016. Alcohol Really Does Treat Depression, Study Finds. IFLScience. Retrieved on 30 October 2018 from https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/alcohol-really-treat-depression/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2002. Information Technology: Justice Plans to Improve Oversight of Agency Projects (No. GAO-03-135). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Othmanawny, G., 2017. Soaked and Unsoaked Performance of Crushed Gravel and Limestone Aggregates. Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G., 2010. Mets Trot Out Reliever Of Last Resort. New York Times B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hertwig, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Hertwig, 2012; Medina-Elizalde and Lea, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Medina-Elizalde and Lea, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Wang et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	animal
Abbreviation	Animal
ISSN (print)	1751-7311
ISSN (online)	1751-732X
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology