How to format your references using the Anesthesiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Anesthesiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Park RW: Anthropology. Stories of Arctic colonization. Science 2014; 345:1004–5

A journal article with 2 authors

Kahane G, Shackel N: Do abnormal responses show utilitarian bias? Nature 2008; 452:E5; author reply E5-6

A journal article with 3 authors

Fitch JP, Raber E, Imbro DR: Technology challenges in responding to biological or chemical attacks in the civilian sector. Science 2003; 302:1350–4

A journal article with 31 or more authors

Conrad DF, Pinto D, Redon R, Feuk L, Gokcumen O, Zhang Y, Aerts J, Andrews TD, Barnes C, Campbell P, Fitzgerald T, Hu M, Ihm CH, Kristiansson K, Macarthur DG, Macdonald JR, Onyiah I, Pang AWC, Robson S, Stirrups K, Valsesia A, Walter K, Wei J, Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, Tyler-Smith C, Carter NP, Lee C, Scherer SW, Hurles ME: Origins and functional impact of copy number variation in the human genome. Nature 2010; 464:704–12

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Glisic S: Advanced Wireless Communications. Chichester, UK, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005

An edited book

Shafique M: Hardware/Software Architectures for Low-Power Embedded Multimedia Systems. Edited by Henkel J. New York, NY, Springer, 2011

A chapter in an edited book

Lun YHV, Lai K-H, Wong CWY, Cheng TCE: Green Management Practices, Green Shipping Management. Edited by Lai K-H, Wong CWY, Cheng TCE. Cham, Springer International Publishing, 2016, pp 45–59

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Anesthesiology.

Blog post

Carpineti A: NASA Craft Maneuvers To Avoid Collision With Mars’ Moon Phobos 2017 at <https://www.iflscience.com/space/nasa-craft-maneuvers-to-avoid-collision-with-mars-moon-phobos/>

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Test and Evaluation: DOD’s Fiscal Year 1989 Test Resource Budget. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1990

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yasar K: Electrified voices: Media technology and discourse in modern Japan 2009

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum MM, Ember S: Wall Street Journal Fires Reporter With Connections to Aviation Tycoon. New York Times 2017:B4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Anesthesiology
Abbreviation	Anesthesiology
ISSN (print)	0003-3022
ISSN (online)	1528-1175
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine