How to format your references using the Anesthesiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Anesthesiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Perez R: Chemistry. Discriminating chemical bonds. Science 2012; 337:1305–6

A journal article with 2 authors

He W, Ren T: Basilar membrane vibration is not involved in the reverse propagation of otoacoustic emissions. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1874

A journal article with 3 authors

Zheng R-L, Zhang H, Jiang W-L: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha 308G>A polymorphism and risk of rheumatic heart disease: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4731

A journal article with 31 or more authors

Banal JL, White JM, Ghiggino KP, Wong WWH: Concentrating aggregation-induced fluorescence in planar waveguides: a proof-of-principle. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4635

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Péra M-C, Hissel D, Gualous H, Turpin C: Electrochemical Components. Hoboken, NJ USA, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013

An edited book

Sirenko YK, Ström S: Modern Theory of Gratings: Resonant Scattering: Analysis Techniques and Phenomena. New York, NY, Springer, 2010

A chapter in an edited book

Heinz S, Friedman S, Churazov E: Vortex Generation by Shock-Bubble Interaction in Galaxy Clusters, 29th International Symposium on Shock Waves 1: Volume 1. Edited by Bonazza R, Ranjan D. Cham, Springer International Publishing, 2015, pp 35–42

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Anesthesiology.

Blog post

Hale T: “Scarface,” The Beloved Bear Of Yellowstone Park, Has Been Killed 2016 at <https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/scarface-beloved-bear-yellowstone-park-has-been-shot/>

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Strong Leadership Today Needed To Prevent Future Disruption of Government Services. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1997

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tromp M: Bayesian monitoring of clinical trials: Examples using conjugate priors 2015

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L: After the Storm, a Sigh of Relief. New York Times 2007:LI2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Anesthesiology
Abbreviation	Anesthesiology
ISSN (print)	0003-3022
ISSN (online)	1528-1175
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine