How to format your references using the Anesthesiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Anesthesiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zeilinger A: The message of the quantum. Nature 2005; 438:743

A journal article with 2 authors

Kasparian J, Wolf J-P: Applied physics. Laser beams take a curve. Science 2009; 324:194–5

A journal article with 3 authors

Robertson JL, Kolmakova-Partensky L, Miller C: Design, function and structure of a monomeric ClC transporter. Nature 2010; 468:844–7

A journal article with 31 or more authors

Steig EJ, Schneider DP, Rutherford SD, Mann ME, Comiso JC, Shindell DT: Warming of the Antarctic ice-sheet surface since the 1957 International Geophysical Year. Nature 2009; 457:459–62

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Denny HR, Butterworth SJ: A Guide to Canine and Feline Orthopaedic Surgery. Oxford, UK, Blackwell Science Ltd, 2008

An edited book

Hendrikse G, Tuunanen M, Windsperger J, Cliquet G: Strategy and Governance of Networks: Cooperatives, Franchising, and Strategic Alliances. Heidelberg, Physica-Verlag HD, 2008

A chapter in an edited book

Baudrier É, Mazo L: Curve Digitization Variability, Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery: 19th IAPR International Conference, DGCI 2016, Nantes, France, April 18-20, 2016. Proceedings. Edited by Normand N, Guédon J, Autrusseau F. Cham, Springer International Publishing, 2016, pp 59–70

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Anesthesiology.

Blog post

Andrew E: Pandas Cope With Their Bamboo Diet by Being Lazy 2015 at <https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/pandas-cope-their-bamboo-diet-being-lazy/>

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Year 2000 Computing Challenge: Delivery of Key Benefits Hinges on States’ Achieving Compliance. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1999

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tran LN: Low-cost vehicle remote diagnostic system 2013

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Abad S, Casey N: Francis Honors 2 Clerics Slain in Colombian Civil War. New York Times 2017:A7

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Anesthesiology
Abbreviation	Anesthesiology
ISSN (print)	0003-3022
ISSN (online)	1528-1175
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine