How to format your references using the Ampersand citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ampersand. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

D. Nakata, Increased N-glycosylation of Asn⁸⁸ in serum pancreatic ribonuclease 1 is a novel diagnostic marker for pancreatic cancer, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 6715.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M. Tomita, M. Murakami, High-temperature superconductor bulk magnets that can trap magnetic fields of over 17 tesla at 29 K, Nature 421 (2003) 517–520.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

E. Nava, T. Steiger, B. Röder, Both developmental and adult vision shape body representations, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 6622.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

D.T. Spencer, T. Drake, T.C. Briles, J. Stone, L.C. Sinclair, C. Fredrick, Q. Li, D. Westly, B.R. Ilic, A. Bluestone, N. Volet, T. Komljenovic, L. Chang, S.H. Lee, D.Y. Oh, M.-G. Suh, K.Y. Yang, M.H.P. Pfeiffer, T.J. Kippenberg, E. Norberg, L. Theogarajan, K. Vahala, N.R. Newbury, K. Srinivasan, J.E. Bowers, S.A. Diddams, S.B. Papp, An optical-frequency synthesizer using integrated photonics, Nature 557 (2018) 81–85.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

B.R. Martin, Nuclear and Particle Physics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2006.

An edited book

[1]

V. Fridkin, Ferroelectricity at the Nanoscale: Basics and Applications, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

H. Meyr, Customer segmentation, allocation planning and order promising in make-to-stock production, in: H. Meyr, H.-O. Günther (Eds.), Supply Chain Planning: Quantitative Decision Support and Advanced Planning Solutions, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009: pp. 1–28.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ampersand.

Blog post

[1]

S. Luntz, Active Neurons Protect Mice Against Depression, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/brain/active-neurons-protect-mice-against-depression/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, NASA: Assessments of Selected Large-Scale Projects, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2011.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

B.A. Ryan, Computer-Based Versus Paper-Pencil Modes of Administration United States Government End of Course Exams: Student Cumulative Grade Point Averages as Predictors of Success, Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Kelly, M. London, Bright Spots in the Rain Forest, New York Times (2004) A27.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Ampersand
Abbreviation	Ampersand (Oxford)
ISSN (print)	2215-0390
Scope