How to format your references using the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (AJRCCM). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lee C-TA. Geophysics. Are Earth’s core and mantle on speaking terms? Science 2004;306:64–65.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bland PA, Artemieva NA. Efficient disruption of small asteroids by Earth’s atmosphere. Nature 2003;424:288–291.

A journal article with 3 authors

Baker PJ, Harris S, Webbon CC. Effect of British hunting ban on fox numbers. Nature 2002;419:34.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Karrai K, Warburton RJ, Schulhauser C, Högele A, Urbaszek B, McGhee EJ, et al. Hybridization of electronic states in quantum dots through photon emission. Nature 2004;427:135–138.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Das SK. Mobile Handset Design. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2010.

An edited book

Rogato A, Zazzu V, Guarracino M, editors. Dynamics of Mathematical Models in Biology: Bringing Mathematics to Life. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Ren B, Ge SS, Chen C, Fua C-H, Lee TH. Altitude and Yaw Control of Helicopters with Uncertain Dynamics. In: Ge SS, Chen C, Fua C-H, Lee TH, editors. Modeling, Control and Coordination of Helicopter Systems New York, NY: Springer; 2012. p. 93–119.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

Blog post

Luntz S. Organic Almonds Recalled From Whole Foods For Containing High Levels Of Cyanide. IFLScience 2014;at <https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/almonds-prove-bitter-organic-purists/>.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Space Research: Content and Coordination of Space Science and Technology Strategy Need to Be More Robust. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2011.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Seipert KG. A correlational analysis of the values of Baby Boomer and Generation X rural public school principals. 2013;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. Back on the Mound, Harvey Has Issues With Command. New York Times 2017;

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Abbreviation	Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.
ISSN (print)	1073-449X
ISSN (online)	1535-4970
Scope	Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine