How to format your references using the American Journal of Primatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Primatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Carroll, S. B. (2001). Chance and necessity: the evolution of morphological complexity and diversity. Nature, 409(6823), 1102–1109.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jacoby, C. A., & Frazer, T. K. (2009). Eutrophication: time to adjust expectations. Science (New York, N.Y.), 324(5928), 723–724; author reply 724-5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Prescher, J. A., Dube, D. H., & Bertozzi, C. R. (2004). Chemical remodelling of cell surfaces in living animals. Nature, 430(7002), 873–877.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Wang, L., Wang, Y., Liang, Y., Li, J., Liu, Y., Zhang, J., Zhang, A., Fu, J., & Jiang, G. (2014). PFOS induced lipid metabolism disturbances in BALB/c mice through inhibition of low density lipoproteins excretion. Scientific Reports, 4, 4582.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. (2014). List of MAK and BAT Values 2014. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Gudipati, M. S., & Castillo-Rogez, J. (Eds.). (2013). The Science of Solar System Ices (Vol. 356). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Eliades, T., Eliades, G., Silikas, N., & Watts, D. C. (2005). Orthodontic Bonding to Wet Enamel with Water-Insensitive and Water-Activated Orthodontic Adhesive Resins. In G. Eliades, D. Watts, & T. Eliades (Eds.), Dental Hard Tissues and Bonding: Interfacial Phenomena and Related Properties (pp. 71–85). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Primatology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, December 22). The Next 209 Seconds Will Blow Your Mind. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/how-big-our-place-universe/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1976). Standard Budget Classifications--Proposed Functions and Subfunctions (PAD-76-49). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chapple, C. M. (2015). A: Application of Polymeric Quaternary Ammonium Surfactant Clay Intercalates in Triphase Catalysis B: Effect of Various Compatibilizers in Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites [Doctoral dissertation]. Southern Illinois University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Savage, C., & Sullivan, E. (2017, August 4). Sessions Widens Official Inquiry On Media Leaks. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Carroll, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Carroll, 2001; Jacoby & Frazer, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jacoby & Frazer, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Wang et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Primatology
Abbreviation	Am. J. Primatol.
ISSN (print)	0275-2565
ISSN (online)	1098-2345
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics