How to format your references using the American Journal of Physical Anthropology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Physical Anthropology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kreeger K. 2002. Working your way into industry. Nature 419:5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rykaczewski RR, Dunne JP. 2011. A measured look at ocean chlorophyll trends. Nature 472:E5-6; discussion E8-9.

A journal article with 3 authors

Innocenti P, Morrow EH, Dowling DK. 2011. Experimental evidence supports a sex-specific selective sieve in mitochondrial genome evolution. Science 332:845–848.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Elbashir SM, Harborth J, Lendeckel W, Yalcin A, Weber K, Tuschl T. 2001. Duplexes of 21-nucleotide RNAs mediate RNA interference in cultured mammalian cells. Nature 411:494–498.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Audibert P. 2013. Mathematics for Informatics and Computer Science. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Rowan L, Bigum C eds. 2012. Transformative Approaches to New Technologies and Student Diversity in Futures Oriented Classrooms: Future Proofing Education. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Windsor SP. 2014. Hydrodynamic Imaging by Blind Mexican Cavefish. In: Bleckmann H, Mogdans J, Coombs SL, editors. Flow Sensing in Air and Water: Behavioral, Neural and Engineering Principles of Operation. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. p 103–125.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Physical Anthropology.

Blog post

Andrew E. 2015. Lithium-Air: A Battery Breakthrough Explained. IFLScience [Internet]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/lithium-air-battery-breakthrough-explained/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1994. Local Tax Abatement. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hilker B. 2010. Electric-field effects and interactions of dye-polymer systems.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg B. 2017. Film Series. New York Times:C23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kreeger, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Kreeger, 2002; Rykaczewski and Dunne, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rykaczewski and Dunne, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Elbashir et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Physical Anthropology
Abbreviation	Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.
ISSN (print)	0002-9483
ISSN (online)	1096-8644
Scope	Anatomy Anthropology