How to format your references using the American Journal of Physical Anthropology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Physical Anthropology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

McDowell JM. 2011. Plant science. Beleaguered immunity. Science 334:1354–1355.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wheeler T, von Braun J. 2013. Climate change impacts on global food security. Science 341:508–513.

A journal article with 3 authors

Riddihough G, Purnell BA, Travis J. 2008. Freedom of expression. Introduction to special issue. Science 319:1781.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Rabinowitz D, Helin E, Lawrence K, Pravdo S. 2000. A reduced estimate of the number of kilometre-sized near-Earth asteroids. Nature 403:165–166.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS). 2011. Supplemental Proceedings. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Wicks A, Niezrecki C eds. 2016. Structural Health Monitoring, Damage Detection & Mechatronics, Volume 7: Proceedings of the 34th IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Massone C, Nunzi E. 2012. Pathogenesis. In: Nunzi E, Massone C, editors. Leprosy: A Practical Guide. Milano: Springer. p 39–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Physical Anthropology.

Blog post

Taub B. 2016. Just Be Yourself: Each Shark Has Its Own Personality. IFLScience [Internet]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/just-be-yourself-each-shark-has-its-own-personality/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2005. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Improved Stategic and Acquisition Planning Can Help Address Emerging Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fearrington ND. 2008. The relationship between fathers’ pre -natal involvement with the mother and post -natal involvement with the child(ren).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly C. 2013. A Woman’s Touch, Still a Rarity in Car Design. New York Times:F7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (McDowell, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (McDowell, 2011; Wheeler and von Braun, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wheeler and von Braun, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Rabinowitz et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Physical Anthropology
Abbreviation	Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.
ISSN (print)	0002-9483
ISSN (online)	1096-8644
Scope	Anatomy Anthropology