How to format your references using the American Journal of Gastroenterology Supplements citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Gastroenterology Supplements. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kaiser D. The search for clean cash. Nature 2011;472:30–31.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sharma P, Allison JP. The future of immune checkpoint therapy. Science 2015;348:56–61.

A journal article with 3 authors

Randow F, MacMicking JD, James LC. Cellular self-defense: how cell-autonomous immunity protects against pathogens. Science 2013;340:701–706.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Mehdiabadi NJ, Jack CN, Farnham TT, et al. Social evolution: kin preference in a social microbe. Nature 2006;442:881–882.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vakkur NV, Herrera ZJ. Corporate Governance Regulation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Abiotic Stress Adaptation in Plants: Physiological, Molecular and Genomic Foundation. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Flom R. Intersensory Perception of Faces and Voices in Infants. In: Belin P, Campanella S, Ethofer T, editor(s). Integrating Face and Voice in Person Perception. New York, NY: Springer; 2013. p. 71–93.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Gastroenterology Supplements.

Blog post

Andrew E. Denied By The Nazis, 102-Year-Old Becomes World’s Oldest PhD Recipient [Internet]. IFLScience 2015;[cited 2018 Oct 30] Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/denied-nazis-102-year-old-becomes-worlds-oldest-phd-recipient/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Education and Employment Issue Area Plan: Fiscal Years 1998-2000. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Goldberg DS. Poly (amido amine) dendrimers: Transepithelial transport mechanisms and applications in oral drug delivery. 2010;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walker M. Choosing Photographs Over Paintings. New York Times 2017;C14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Gastroenterology Supplements
Abbreviation	Am. J. Gastroenterol. Suppl.
ISSN (print)	1948-9498
ISSN (online)	1948-9501
Scope