How to format your references using the American Journal of Gastroenterology Supplements citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Gastroenterology Supplements. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bonetta L. Protein purification: cell or cell-free? Nature 2006;439:1019.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nienborg H, Cumming BG. Decision-related activity in sensory neurons reflects more than a neuron’s causal effect. Nature 2009;459:89–92.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhu BO, Zhao J, Feng Y. Active impedance metasurface with full 360° reflection phase tuning. Sci. Rep. 2013;3:3059.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Crittenden SL, Bernstein DS, Bachorik JL, et al. A conserved RNA-binding protein controls germline stem cells in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 2002;417:660–663.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bowen C. Children’s Speech Sound Disorders. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

Adaptive and Natural Computing Algorithms: 10th International Conference, ICANNGA 2011, Ljubljana, Slovenia, April 14-16, 2011, Proceedings, Part I. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Liu Z. Basic Substances of Vital Activities. In: Liu Z, editor(s). Essentials of Chinese Medicine. London: Springer; 2010. p. 107–129.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Gastroenterology Supplements.

Blog post

Andrew E. Exposed: The Private Lives Of Hairy-Chested ‘Hoff Crabs’ [Internet]. IFLScience 2015;[cited 2018 Oct 30] Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/exposed-private-lives-hairy-chested-hoff-crabs/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. DCPS: Limitation of Attorneys’ Fees for Fiscal Years 1999 through 2001. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2002.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kharal SP. Modelling Sensitization Dynamics in 5xxx Series Aluminum Alloys. 2017;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Markoff J. As Artificial Intelligence Evolves, So Does Its Criminal Potential. New York Times 2016;B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Gastroenterology Supplements
Abbreviation	Am. J. Gastroenterol. Suppl.
ISSN (print)	1948-9498
ISSN (online)	1948-9501
Scope