How to format your references using the American Heart Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Heart Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Romanowicz B. Using seismic waves to image Earth’s internal structure. Nature. 2008 Jan 17;451(7176):266–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Denning DW, Bromley MJ. Infectious Disease. How to bolster the antifungal pipeline. Science. 2015 Mar 27;347(6229):1414–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

Pullium JK, Roble GS, Raymond MA. Emergency planning: Be prepared. Nature. 2014 Oct 23;514(7523):430.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Shulman J, Malatino F, Mo A, Ryan K, Gunaratne GH. Controlling networks of nonlinearly-coupled nodes using response surfaces. Sci Rep. 2014 Dec 19;4:7574.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Safonov VO. Using Aspect-Oriented Programming for Trustworthy Software Development. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2007.

An edited book

Lünen A von, Travis C, editors. History and GIS: Epistemologies, Considerations and Reflections. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013. XIV, 242 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Peña A, Sossa H, Gutiérrez A. Knowledge and Reasoning Supported by Cognitive Maps. In: Gelbukh A, Albornoz Á de, Terashima-Marín H, editors. MICAI 2005: Advances in Artificial Intelligence: 4th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Monterrey, Mexico, November 14-18, 2005 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. p. 41–50. (Hutchison D, Kanade T, Kittler J, Kleinberg JM, Mattern F, Mitchell JC, et al., editors. Lecture Notes in Computer Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Heart Journal.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Hundreds Of Meteors Will Light Up The Night Sky Tonight. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/check-out-sights-and-sounds-geminid-meteor-shower/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Reports and Testimony: August 1991. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1991 Aug. Report No.: OPA-91-13.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Walsh EF. The development of comprehensive criminal justice leadership standards: A modified Delphi study approach [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Baker KJ. White-Collar Supremacy. New York Times. 2016 Nov 25;A27.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	American Heart Journal
Abbreviation	Am. Heart J.
ISSN (print)	0002-8703
ISSN (online)	1097-6744
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine