How to format your references using the Alpine Botany citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Alpine Botany. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ruttimann J (2007) Cell mates. Nature 450:756–757

A journal article with 2 authors

Marusyk A, Polyak K (2013) Cancer. Cancer cell phenotypes, in fifty shades of grey. Science 339:528–529

A journal article with 3 authors

Zeng G-M, Wu L-A, Xing H-J (2014) Symmetry restoration and quantumness reestablishment. Sci Rep 4:6377

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Ma DK, Jang M-H, Guo JU, et al (2009) Neuronal activity-induced Gadd45b promotes epigenetic DNA demethylation and adult neurogenesis. Science 323:1074–1077

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Luo ACJ, Guo Y (2013) Vibro-Impact Dynamics. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Choi S (ed) (2010) Systems Biology for Signaling Networks. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Sokol K, Sur S, Ameredes BT (2014) Inhaled Environmental Allergens and Toxicants as Determinants of the Asthma Phenotype. In: Brasier AR (ed) Heterogeneity in Asthma. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp 43–73

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Alpine Botany.

Blog post

Hale T (2016) Parents Found Responsible For Their Toddler’s Meningitis Death. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/parents-found-responsible-their-toddlers-meningitis-death/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2011) Department of Education: Improved Oversight and Controls Could Help Education Better Respond to Evolving Priorities. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wells RE (2008) Managers’ affective expressions as determinants of employee responses to change: Valence, inappropriateness and authenticity. Doctoral dissertation, Columbia University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S (2010) WORLD BRIEFING | EUROPE; Russia: Forest Fires Declared as State of Emergency. New York Times A6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ruttimann 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Ruttimann 2007; Marusyk and Polyak 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Marusyk and Polyak 2013)
Three or more authors: (Ma et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Alpine Botany
Abbreviation	Alp. Bot.
ISSN (print)	1664-2201
ISSN (online)	1664-221X
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Plant Science

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