How to format your references using the Alpine Botany citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Alpine Botany. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Newman AL (2015) What the “right to be forgotten” means for privacy in a digital age. Science 347:507–508

A journal article with 2 authors

Saltiel AR, Kahn CR (2001) Insulin signalling and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Nature 414:799–806

A journal article with 3 authors

Verschuren D, Laird KR, Cumming BF (2000) Rainfall and drought in equatorial east Africa during the past 1,100 years. Nature 403:410–414

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Nakayama Y, Moriya T, Sakai F, et al (2014) Oral administration of Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 is effective for preventing influenza in mice. Sci Rep 4:4638

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shreves R (2009) Joomla!® Bible. Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA

An edited book

Barbosa D, Anton S, Gurvits L, Maia D (eds) (2012) The Square Kilometre Array: Paving the way for the new 21st century radio astronomy paradigm: Proceedings of Symposium 7 of JENAM 2010. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Moore D (2011) Feminist Changes in Israel. In: Rutherford A, Capdevila R, Undurti V, Palmary I (eds) Handbook of International Feminisms: Perspectives on Psychology, Women, Culture, and Rights. Springer, New York, NY, pp 59–82

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Alpine Botany.

Blog post

Luntz S (2016) Antarctic Ozone Layer Shows Early Signs Of Healing. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/antarctic-ozone-layer-shows-early-signs-of-healing/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2007) Science and Technology: Information on Federal Programs and Interagency Efforts That Support Small Businesses Engaged in Manufacturing. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Brown O (2008) Business and IT leaders’ behavioral affects on alignment and project outcome: A comparative leadership study. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G (2011) Madoff Had Everything to Do With Reyes’s Leaving. New York Times B14

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Newman 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Saltiel and Kahn 2001; Newman 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Saltiel and Kahn 2001)
Three or more authors: (Nakayama et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Alpine Botany
Abbreviation	Alp. Bot.
ISSN (print)	1664-2201
ISSN (online)	1664-221X
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Plant Science