How to format your references using the AIDS Patient Care and STDs citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for AIDS Patient Care and STDs (APC). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chapman CR. Meteorites. The long trip to Earth. Nature 2000;407(6804):573, 575–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Fortey R, Chatterton B. A Devonian trilobite with an eyeshade. Science 2003;301(5640):1689.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gao Y, Chen G, Chan RHM. Naming game on networks: let everyone be both speaker and hearer. Sci Rep 2014;4:6149.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Edwards MH, Kurras GJ, Tolstoy M, et al. Evidence of recent volcanic activity on the ultraslow-spreading Gakkel ridge. Nature 2001;409(6822):808–812.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Prager FH, Rosteck H. Polyurethane and Fire. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA: Weinheim, FRG; 2006.

An edited book

Lumpe M, Vanderperren W, (eds). Software Composition: 6th International Symposium, SC 2007, Braga, Portugal, March 24-25, 2007, Revised Selected Papers. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Cortese PF, Di Battista G, Patrignani M, et al. On Embedding a Cycle in a Plane Graph. In: Graph Drawing: 13th International Symposium, GD 2005, Limerick, Ireland, September 12-14, 2005. Revised Papers. (Healy P, Nikolov NS. eds). Lecture Notes in Computer Science Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg; 2006; pp. 49–60.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for AIDS Patient Care and STDs.

Blog post

Fang J. Black Holes May Collapse Into Their Exact Opposites: White Holes. IFLScience; 2014. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/black-holes-may-collapse-their-exact-opposites-white-holes/ [Last accessed: 10/30/2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. National Bureau of Standards Needs Better Management of Its Computer Resources To Improve Program Effectiveness. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC; 1979.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rudoy SI. Developing a Model for Understanding Mindfulness as a Potential Intervention for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Doctoral dissertation. Pepperdine University: Malibu, CA; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

St. John Kelly E. Hasidic Housing a Letdown. New York Times 1998;147.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	AIDS Patient Care and STDs
ISSN (print)	1087-2914
ISSN (online)	1557-7449
Scope