How to format your references using the AIDS Care citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for AIDS Care. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Binder, P.-M. (2008). Mathematics. Frustration in complexity. Science (New York, N.Y.), 320(5874), 322–323.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ishikawa, H., & Barber, G. N. (2008). STING is an endoplasmic reticulum adaptor that facilitates innate immune signalling. Nature, 455(7213), 674–678.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gitlin, A. D., Shulman, Z., & Nussenzweig, M. C. (2014). Clonal selection in the germinal centre by regulated proliferation and hypermutation. Nature, 509(7502), 637–640.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Barkai, R., Gopher, A., Lauritzen, S. E., & Frumkin, A. (2003). Uranium series dates from Qesem Cave, Israel, and the end of the Lower Palaeolithic. Nature, 423(6943), 977–979.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cuddy-Keane, M., Hammond, A., & Peat, A. (2014). Modernism: Keywords. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Li, S. Z., & Jain, A. K. (Eds.). (2011). Handbook of Face Recognition (Second Edition). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhu, X., Song, B., Ni, Y., Ren, Y., & Li, R. (2016). Software Defined Anything—From Software-Defined Hardware to Software Defined Anything. In B. Song, Y. Ni, Y. Ren, & R. Li (Eds.), Business Trends in the Digital Era: Evolution of Theories and Applications (pp. 83–103). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for AIDS Care.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, June 19). Thailand Confirms First MERS Case. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/thailand-confirms-first-mers-case/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2008). Applying Agreed-Upon Procedures: Fiscal Year 2008 Airport and Airway Trust Fund Excise Taxes (GAO-09-90R). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Edwards, J. W. (2006). The Relation Between Expressed Emotion and Adolescent Psychopathology [Doctoral dissertation]. Ohio State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L. (2007, April 1). Few Voters Show Up to Elect Two Democrats. New York Times, LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Binder, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Binder, 2008; Ishikawa & Barber, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ishikawa & Barber, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Barkai et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	AIDS Care
Abbreviation	AIDS Care
ISSN (print)	0954-0121
ISSN (online)	1360-0451
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Social Psychology Health(social science)