How to format your references using the Agroforestry Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Agroforestry Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pereira IAC (2013) Microbiology. An enzymatic route to H2 storage. Science 342:1329–1330

A journal article with 2 authors

Bhosale SV, Bhosale SV (2013) Yoctowells as a simple model system for the encapsulation and controlled release of bioactive molecules. Sci Rep 3:1982

A journal article with 3 authors

Cowen RK, Paris CB, Srinivasan A (2006) Scaling of connectivity in marine populations. Science 311:522–527

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zhang W, Lim CC, Korniss G, Szymanski BK (2014) Opinion dynamics and influencing on random geometric graphs. Sci Rep 4:5568

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stanley W, Pamela B (2017) The Complete Guide to Fundraising Management. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, New Jersey

An edited book

Laird NM (2011) The Fundamentals of Modern Statistical Genetics. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Lin TY, Xiao Y, Yang C, et al (2016) Manufacturing Capability Service Modeling, Management and Evaluation for Matching Supply and Demand in Cloud Manufacturing. In: Zhang L, Song X, Wu Y (eds) Theory, Methodology, Tools and Applications for Modeling and Simulation of Complex Systems: 16th Asia Simulation Conference and SCS Autumn Simulation Multi-Conference, AsiaSim/SCS AutumnSim 2016, Beijing, China, October 8-11, 2016, Proceedings, Part III. Springer, Singapore, pp 35–48

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Agroforestry Systems.

Blog post

Andrew D (2015) A Brief History Of Everything, With Neil deGrasse Tyson. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/brief-history-everything/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1996) Programs for Land-Grant Schools. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sharma V (2017) Functional Characterization of Na+/Ca2+ Exchangers in Caenorhabditis elegans. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Herrman J (2016) Mayer’s Media Problem at Yahoo Is Now Verizon’s. New York Times B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pereira 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Bhosale and Bhosale 2013; Pereira 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bhosale and Bhosale 2013)
Three or more authors: (Zhang et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Agroforestry Systems
Abbreviation	Agrofor. Syst.
ISSN (print)	0167-4366
ISSN (online)	1572-9680
Scope	Agronomy and Crop Science Forestry