How to format your references using the Aging Clinical and Experimental Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lippard SJ (2002) Chemical synthesis: the art of chemistry. Nature 416:587

A journal article with 2 authors

Blatt R, Wineland D (2008) Entangled states of trapped atomic ions. Nature 453:1008–1015

A journal article with 3 authors

Chang JC, Lockner DA, Reches Z (2012) Rapid acceleration leads to rapid weakening in earthquake-like laboratory experiments. Science 338:101–105

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zhang K, Kurmoo M, Wei L-Q, Zeng M-H (2013) Iterative mass spectrometry and X-ray crystallography to study ion-trapping and rearrangements by a flexible cluster. Sci Rep 3:3516

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chang CM (2010) Service Systems Management and Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Bodvarsson ÖB (2013) The Economics of Immigration: Theory and Policy, 2nd ed. 2013. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Schneider J, Wattenhofer R (2011) Trading Bit, Message, and Time Complexity of Distributed Algorithms. In: Peleg D (ed) Distributed Computing: 25th International Symposium, DISC 2011, Rome, Italy, September 20-22, 2011. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 51–65

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Aging Clinical and Experimental Research.

Blog post

Andrews R (2016) Study Suggests Free Will Is An Illusion. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/free-will-may-be-more-illusion-we-previously-thought-claims-study/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2003) Special Education: Clearer Guidance Would Enhance Implementation of Federal Disciplinary Provisions. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ehigiator OJ (2015) A Closed Loop Control System for Pressure and Flow Detection Using a Vibrating String Transducer. Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wines M, Bosman J (2017) A ‘Passionate’ Seeker of Voter Fraud in Kansas Gets a National Soapbox. New York Times A12

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Aging Clinical and Experimental Research
Abbreviation	Aging Clin. Exp. Res.
ISSN (online)	1720-8319
Scope	Ageing Geriatrics and Gerontology