How to format your references using the Afrika Matematika citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Afrika Matematika. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lisse, C.: PLANETARY SCIENCE. Comet Siding Spring, up close and personal. Science. 350, 277–278 (2015)

A journal article with 2 authors

Jackson, J.B., Johnson, K.G.: Paleoecology. Measuring past biodiversity. Science. 293, 2401–2404 (2001)

A journal article with 3 authors

Gilbert, I.R., Jarvis, P.G., Smith, H.: Proximity signal and shade avoidance differences between early and late successional trees. Nature. 411, 792–795 (2001)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Singh, R.K., Srivastava, A., Kalaiarasan, P., Manvati, S., Chopra, R., Bamezai, R.N.K.: mtDNA germ line variation mediated ROS generates retrograde signaling and induces pro-cancerous metabolic features. Sci. Rep. 4, 6571 (2014)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Duchon, C., Hale, R.: Time Series Analysis in Meteorology and Climatology. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK (2012)

An edited book

Scheffers, A.M.: The Coastlines of the World with Google Earth: Understanding our Environment. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht (2012)

A chapter in an edited book

Reichart, G., Leen, G., Courmont, N., Knüppel, R., Schmid, C., Brockmann, M.: Applications. In: Lawrenz, W. (ed.) CAN System Engineering: From Theory to Practical Applications. pp. 255–282. Springer, London (2013)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Afrika Matematika.

Blog post

Taub, B.: This Is What Smoking Does To Your DNA, https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/this-is-what-smoking-does-to-your-dna/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: ADP Planning: FDA’s Plans to Improve Processing of Medical Device and Drug Applications. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1989)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reynaldo, R.: Healthcare Leaders Under the Age of 40 - Successful Strategies and Practices for Leading Healthcare Organizations, (2017)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M.W.: Ruling Sets Up Pension Battle in Bankrupt City, (2013)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Afrika Matematika
Abbreviation	Afr. Mat.
ISSN (print)	1012-9405
ISSN (online)	2190-7668
Scope	General Mathematics