How to format your references using the African Geographical Review citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for African Geographical Review. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kotov, N. A. (2010). Chemistry. Inorganic nanoparticles as protein mimics. Science (New York, N.Y.), 330(6001), 188–189.

A journal article with 2 authors

Price, W. N., 2nd, & Rai, A. K. (2015). Drug Development. Are trade secrets delaying biosimilars? Science (New York, N.Y.), 348(6231), 188–189.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen, A., Wang, S., & Pacala, S. W. (2012). Comment on “Global correlations in tropical tree species richness and abundance reject neutrality.” Science (New York, N.Y.), 336(6089), 1639; author reply 1639.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Holzapfel, C., Rubie, D. C., Frost, D. J., & Langenhorst, F. (2005). Fe-Mg interdiffusion in (Mg,Fe)SiO3 Perovskite and lower mantle reequilibration. Science (New York, N.Y.), 309(5741), 1707–1710.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hessel, V., Löwe, H., Müller, A., & Kolb, G. (2005). Chemical Micro Process Engineering. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Valldorf, J., & Gessner, W. (Eds.). (2007). Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications 2007. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Bárány, I., Hubard, A., & Jerónimo, J. (2009). Slicing Convex Sets and Measures by a Hyperplane. In R. Pollack, J. Pach, & J. E. Goodman (Eds.), Twentieth Anniversary Volume: Discrete & Computational Geometry (pp. 1–9). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for African Geographical Review.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, August 30). LHC Finds Particles That Defy The Standard Model Of Physics. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/lhc-finds-particles-defying-standard-model-physics/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2002). Purchases of Degrees from Diploma Mills (GAO-03-269R). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

E, C.-C. (2014). The syntax of comparative correlatives in Mandarin Chinese [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K. (2000, July 30). As if Poe Had Written Their Tale, Tenants’ Windows Are Bricked Up. New York Times, 147.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kotov, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Kotov, 2010; Price & Rai, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Price & Rai, 2015)
Three authors: (Chen et al., 2012)
6 or more authors: (Holzapfel et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	African Geographical Review
Abbreviation	Afr. Geogr. Rev.
ISSN (print)	1937-6812
ISSN (online)	2163-2642
Scope	Earth-Surface Processes Geography, Planning and Development