How to format your references using the African Geographical Review citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for African Geographical Review. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Deweerdt, S. (2010). Dancing with an escape artist. Nature, 466(7304), S6-7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Boyd, R., & Mathew, S. (2007). Behavior. A narrow road to cooperation. Science (New York, N.Y.), 316(5833), 1858–1859.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kim, S., Wong, P., & Coulombe, P. A. (2006). A keratin cytoskeletal protein regulates protein synthesis and epithelial cell growth. Nature, 441(7091), 362–365.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Schrinner, M., Ballauff, M., Talmon, Y., Kauffmann, Y., Thun, J., Möller, M., & Breu, J. (2009). Single nanocrystals of platinum prepared by partial dissolution of Au-Pt nanoalloys. Science (New York, N.Y.), 323(5914), 617–620.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bernstein, L., & Yuhas, C. M. (2005). Trustworthy Systems through Quantitative Software Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Kościelny, C. (2013). Modern Cryptography Primer: Theoretical Foundations and Practical Applications (M. Kurkowski & M. Srebrny, Eds.). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Park, J.-K., & Kim, M. K. (2014). Teaching and Learning of EIL in Korean Culture and Context. In R. Marlina & R. A. Giri (Eds.), The Pedagogy of English as an International Language: Perspectives from Scholars, Teachers, and Students (pp. 47–61). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for African Geographical Review.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2016, June 22). Premenstrual Symptoms Linked To Inflamation. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2002). Financial Management: Amtrak’s Route Profitability Schedules Need Improvement (GAO-02-912R). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Swartz, H. (2017). The Multitude Speaks in Style: An Analysis of Vernacular Agency through Images of Ruth Bader Ginsburg [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida Atlantic University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Detrick, B. (2017, January 31). The Drift. New York Times, D6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Deweerdt, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Boyd & Mathew, 2007; Deweerdt, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Boyd & Mathew, 2007)
Three or more authors: (Schrinner et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	African Geographical Review
Abbreviation	Afr. Geogr. Rev.
ISSN (print)	1937-6812
ISSN (online)	2163-2642
Scope	Earth-Surface Processes Geography, Planning and Development