How to format your references using the Advances in Complex Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Advances in Complex Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Duffy, M. A., Epidemiology. It helps to be well connected, Science 344 (2014) 1229–1230.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Pflamm-Altenburg, J., and Kroupa, P., Clustered star formation as a natural explanation for the Halpha cut-off in disk galaxies, Nature 455 (2008) 641–643.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Vinther, J., Van Roy, P., and Briggs, D. E. G., Machaeridians are Palaeozoic armoured annelids, Nature 451 (2008) 185–188.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Henzler-Wildman, K. A., Lei, M., Thai, V., Kerns, S. J., Karplus, M., and Kern, D., A hierarchy of timescales in protein dynamics is linked to enzyme catalysis, Nature 450 (2007) 913–916.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Morris, A. E., Geiger, G., and Fine, H. A., Handbook on Material and Energy Balance Calculations in Material Processing, (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2011).

An edited book

[1]

Gabryś-Barker, D., and Gałajda, D. (Eds.), Positive Psychology Perspectives on Foreign Language Learning and Teaching, (Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016).

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Lemert, C., Slouching Toward Inequality, in Understanding Inequality: Social Costs and Benefits, eds. Machin, A., and Stehr, N., (Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, 2016), pp. 101–110.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Advances in Complex Systems.

Blog post

[1]

Davis, J., The Maya Civilization May Have Experienced Two Declines Before Collapsing Forever, IFLScience (2017).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, District of Columbia: D.C. Public Schools Inappropriately Used Gas Utility Contract for Renovations, (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2001).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Eng, R., Exploring Investors’ Decision Making Processes During the 2008 Financial Crisis Using Epstein’s Cognitive Experiential Self-Theory: A Multiple-case Study, Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University, (2014).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Johnson, G., In Chernobyl, Life Finds a Way, New York Times (2015) D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [2,4].
This sentence cites four references [2,8,5,7].

About the journal

Full journal title	Advances in Complex Systems
Abbreviation	Adv. Complex Syst.
ISSN (print)	0219-5259
ISSN (online)	1793-6802
Scope	Control and Systems Engineering