How to format your references using the Acupuncture in Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Acupuncture in Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wigzell H. Science in Europe. Framework programmes evolve. Science. 2002;295:443–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gilboa L, Lehmann R. Soma-germline interactions coordinate homeostasis and growth in the Drosophila gonad. Nature. 2006;443:97–100.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rust MJ, Golden SS, O’Shea EK. Light-driven changes in energy metabolism directly entrain the cyanobacterial circadian oscillator. Science. 2011;331:220–3.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Adams GB, Chabner KT, Alley IR, et al. Stem cell engraftment at the endosteal niche is specified by the calcium-sensing receptor. Nature. 2006;439:599–603.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Purkis S, Klemas V. Remote Sensing and Global Environmental Change. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd 2011.

An edited book

Filippi M, Stefano ND, Dousset V, et al., editors. MR Imaging in White Matter Diseases of the Brain and Spinal Cord. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

Piho G, Tepandi J, Puusep V. Towards P Systems Based Approach for Evolutionary Enterprise Application. In: José Escalona M, Aragón G, Linger H, et al., eds. Information System Development: Improving Enterprise Communication. Cham: Springer International Publishing 2014:45–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Acupuncture in Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. New Species Suggests Mammals Appeared Much Earlier Than Previously Believed. IFLScience. 2014. (accessed 30 October 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Railroad Safety: DOD Can Improve the Safety of On-Base Track and Equipment. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1991.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zhao J. Contextual Differential Item Functioning: Examining the Validity of Teaching Self-Efficacy Instruments Using Hierarchical Generalized Linear Modeling. 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barnes B, Koblin J. Disney Runs Toward Streaming. New York Times. 2017;B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Acupuncture in Medicine
Abbreviation	Acupunct. Med.
ISSN (print)	0964-5284
ISSN (online)	1759-9873
Scope	General Medicine Complementary and alternative medicine Clinical Neurology