How to format your references using the Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nielsen R. Evolution. Why sex? Science. 2006;311(5763):960-961.

A journal article with 2 authors

Machin S, Pekkarinen T. Assessment. Global sex differences in test score variability. Science. 2008;322(5906):1331-1332.

A journal article with 3 authors

Vandermeer J, Perfecto I, Philpott SM. Clusters of ant colonies and robust criticality in a tropical agroecosystem. Nature. 2008;451(7177):457-459.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Glynne R, Akkaraju S, Healy JI, Rayner J, Goodnow CC, Mack DH. How self-tolerance and the immunosuppressive drug FK506 prevent B-cell mitogenesis. Nature. 2000;403(6770):672-676.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Walter RJ. Practical Compliance with the EPA Risk Management Program. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1998.

An edited book

Scherzer O. Variational Methods in Imaging. Vol 167. (Grasmair M, Grossauer H, Haltmeier M, Lenzen F, eds.). Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Rastgaar M, Mahmoudian N. Robustness of Orthogonal Eigenstructure Control to Actuators Failure. In: Jazar RN, Dai L, eds. Nonlinear Approaches in Engineering Applications 2. Springer; 2014:137-166.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica.

Blog post

Andrews R. Newly Discovered Tarantula May Have A Terrifying Attack Method. IFLScience. July 1, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/freakish-newly-discovered-tarantula-may-have-a-terrifying-attack-method/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. License Suspensions for Nondriving Offenses: Practices in Four States That May Ease the Financial Impact on Low-Income Individuals. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2010.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Scaringe JG. An Investigation into the Faculty Development Practices in Chiropractic Education Programs. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW. A County In Alabama Puts Off Bankruptcy. New York Times. August 13, 2011:B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
Abbreviation	Acta Psychiatr. Scand.
ISSN (print)	0001-690X
ISSN (online)	1600-0447
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health