How to format your references using the Acta Diabetologica citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Acta Diabetologica. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Purnell BA (2012) Forces in development. Forceful thinking. Introduction. Science 338:209

A journal article with 2 authors

Wolff S, Dillin A (2014) Cell biology: The stressful influence of microbes. Nature 508:328–329

A journal article with 3 authors

Poot-Salazar A, Hernández-Flores Á, Ardisson P-L (2014) Use of the SLW index to calculate growth function in the sea cucumber Isostichopus badionotus. Sci Rep 4:5151

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Bodiselitsch B, Koeberl C, Master S, Reimold WU (2005) Estimating duration and intensity of Neoproterozoic snowball glaciations from Ir anomalies. Science 308:239–242

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bisswanger H (2017) Enzyme Kinetics. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Abubakar M, Saeed A, Kul O (2015) The Role of Biotechnology in Improvement of Livestock: Animal Health and Biotechnology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Reed BM, Uchendu E (2008) Controlled Rate Cooling. In: Reed BM (ed) Plant Cryopreservation: A Practical Guide. Springer, New York, NY, pp 77–92

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Acta Diabetologica.

Blog post

Andrew E (2013) Flyover of Mars. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/flyover-mars/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2003) Information Technology: Leadership Remains Key to Agencies Making Progress on Enterprise Architecture Efforts. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mihalas ST (2008) Positive protective factors as moderators in the relationship between relational victimization and depression in minority adolescents. Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW (2012) Moody’s Downgrade Deepens Puerto Rico’s Economic Problems. New York Times B9

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Acta Diabetologica
Abbreviation	Acta Diabetol.
ISSN (print)	0940-5429
ISSN (online)	1432-5233
Scope	Endocrinology General Medicine Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Internal Medicine