How to format your references using the Acta Diabetologica citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Acta Diabetologica. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Feldman DE (2014) Physics. Electronically erased. Science 344:1344–1345

A journal article with 2 authors

Bergink S, Jentsch S (2009) Principles of ubiquitin and SUMO modifications in DNA repair. Nature 458:461–467

A journal article with 3 authors

Leman L, Orgel L, Ghadiri MR (2004) Carbonyl sulfide-mediated prebiotic formation of peptides. Science 306:283–286

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Lu L, Jia M, Ma Y, et al (2008) The changing face of HIV in China. Nature 455:609–611

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Edwards DW (2014) Risk Management in Trading. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Cheng Y, Wang Q, Liu NC (2014) How World-Class Universities Affect Global Higher Education: Influences and Responses. SensePublishers, Rotterdam

A chapter in an edited book

Kota R, Gibbins N, Jennings NR (2009) Decentralised Structural Adaptation in Agent Organisations. In: Vouros G, Artikis A, Stathis K, Pitt J (eds) Organized Adaption in Multi-Agent Systems: First International Workshop, OAMAS 2008, Estoril, Portugal, May 13, 2008. Revised and Invited Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 54–71

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Acta Diabetologica.

Blog post

Hale T (2016) Edward Snowden Designs Phone Case That Shows When It Is Being Spied On. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/edward-snowden-designs-phone-case-that-shows-when-it-is-being-spied-on/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2010) Aviation and the Environment: Systematically Addressing Environmental Impacts and Community Concerns Can Help Airports Reduce Project Delays. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zivkovic O (2010) Ternary nanomaterials: Synthesis by alkalide reduction and characterization. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Herzlinger M (2017) Day Out for Dad and Daughter. New York Times A23

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Acta Diabetologica
Abbreviation	Acta Diabetol.
ISSN (print)	0940-5429
ISSN (online)	1432-5233
Scope	Endocrinology General Medicine Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Internal Medicine

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