How to format your references using the 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dalton R. International science council names first female president. Nature 2000;403(6770):582.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mulch A, Chamberlain CP. Earth science: the rise and growth of Tibet. Nature 2006;439(7077):670–671.

A journal article with 3 authors

Reinhardt K, Dowling DK, Morrow EH. Medicine. Mitochondrial replacement, evolution, and the clinic. Science 2013;341(6152):1345–1346.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wild P, Farhan H, McEwan DG, et al. Phosphorylation of the autophagy receptor optineurin restricts Salmonella growth. Science 2011;333(6039):228–233.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Frueh BC, Grubaugh AL, Elhai JD, et al. Assessment and Treatment Planning for PTSD. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, New Jersey; 2012.

An edited book

Coggeshall J. Zend Enterprise PHP Patterns. (Tocker M. ed). Apress: Berkeley, CA; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Cohen R, Wang T. GUI Design for Android Apps, Part 4: Graphic Interface and Touchscreen Input. In: GUI Design for Android Apps. (Wang T. ed) Apress: Berkeley, CA; 2014; pp. 105–133.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing.

Blog post

Fang J. Half of All Exoplanets Have Two Suns. IFLScience; 2014. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/half-all-exoplanets-have-two-suns/ [Last accessed: 10/30/2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Transportation Infrastructure: Federal Highway Administration FY 1992 Budget Request and Highway Program Reauthorization Proposal. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC; 1991.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mueller C. A Multidimensional Perspective of Faculty Mentoring and Job Satisfaction during the First Year of Teaching at Lindenwood University. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University: St. Charles, MO; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander S. Golden Arms Tourney Continues a Quest. New York Times 2002;86.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
ISSN (print)	2329-7662
ISSN (online)	2329-7670
Scope