How to format your references using the Zootaxa citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Zootaxa. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rowley, J.D. (2013) Genetics. A story of swapped ends. Science (New York, N.Y.), 340 (6139), 1412–1413.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gin, D.L. & Noble, R.D. (2011) Chemistry. Designing the next generation of chemical separation membranes. Science (New York, N.Y.), 332 (6030), 674–676.

A journal article with 3 authors

Henikoff, S., Ahmad, K. & Malik, H.S. (2001) The centromere paradox: stable inheritance with rapidly evolving DNA. Science (New York, N.Y.), 293 (5532), 1098–1102.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Shinada, T., Okamoto, S., Kobayashi, T. & Ohdomari, I. (2005) Enhancing semiconductor device performance using ordered dopant arrays. Nature, 437 (7062), 1128–1131.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hahn, A., Behle, B., Lischewski, D. & Rein, W. (2002) Produktionstechnische Praxis. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Fischlin, M. ed. (2009) 5473 Topics in Cryptology – CT-RSA 2009: The Cryptographers’ Track at the RSA Conference 2009, San Francisco, CA, USA, April 20-24, 2009. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, XI, 482 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Potylitsyn, A.P., Ryazanov, M.I., Strikhanov, M.N. & Tishchenko, A.A. (2011) Diffraction Radiation in the Ultraviolet and Soft X-Ray Regions. In: Ryazanov, M. I., Strikhanov, M. N., & Tishchenko, A. A. (Eds), Diffraction Radiation from Relativistic Particles. Springer Tracts in Modern Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 105–136.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Zootaxa.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2016) Why Protective Parenting Is Key For The Survival Of Tropical Insects. IFLScience.

Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/why-protective-parenting-is-key-for-the-survival-of-tropical-insects/ (accessed 30 October 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1987) Acid Rain: Delays and Management Changes in the Federal Research Program. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Van Name, J. (2013) Boolean Partition Algebras. Doctoral dissertation. University of South Florida.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dorman, J.L. (2017) A Prolific Architect’s Groundbreaking Roots. New York Times, TR4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rowley 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Gin & Noble 2011; Rowley 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gin & Noble 2011)
Three or more authors: (Shinada et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Zootaxa
Abbreviation	Zootaxa
ISSN (print)	1175-5326
ISSN (online)	1175-5334
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics