How to format your references using the World Journal of Rheumatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for World Journal of Rheumatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Brooks BA. Geophysics. Seeing is believing. Science 2012; 338: 207–208.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zukor K, He Z. Regenerative medicine: drawing breath after spinal injury. Nature 2011; 475: 177–178.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shiu R-F, Chin W-C, Lee C-L. Carbonaceous particles reduce marine microgel formation. Sci Rep 2014; 4: 5856.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Schwickert TA, Lindquist RL, Shakhar G, Livshits G, Skokos D, Kosco-Vilbois MH, Dustin ML, Nussenzweig MC. In vivo imaging of germinal centres reveals a dynamic open structure. Nature 2007; 446: 83–87.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lawless HT. Quantitative Sensory Analysis. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons

An edited book

Zhou L, Ooi BC, Meng X (eds). Database Systems for Advanced Applications: 10th International Conference, DASFAA 2005, Beijing, China, April 17-20, 2005. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer

A chapter in an edited book

Doelitzscher F, Reich C, Knahl M, Clarke N. Understanding Cloud Audits. In: Pearson S, Yee G, editors. Privacy and Security for Cloud Computing. London: Springer, 2013: 125–163.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for World Journal of Rheumatology.

Blog post

Hamilton K. The 25 Greatest Scientific Hoaxes In History. IFLScience. 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Federal Information Systems Remain Highly Vulnerable to Fraudulent, Wasteful, Abusive, and Illegal Practices. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bennett AL. An Empirical Longitudinal Analysis of Agile Methodologies and Firm Financial Performance. 2019.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Medina J, Pérez-Peña R, Goldman A. Meticulous Plan To Rain Carnage On Concertgoers. New York Times. 2017; : A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	World Journal of Rheumatology
ISSN (online)	2220-3214
Scope