How to format your references using the World Journal of Critical Care Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for World Journal of Critical Care Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Thornton G. Materials science. Watching nanoparticles grow. Science 2003; 300: 1378–1379.

A journal article with 2 authors

Parish MM, Littlewood PB. Non-saturating magnetoresistance in heavily disordered semiconductors. Nature 2003; 426: 162–165.

A journal article with 3 authors

McAlary L, Yerbury JJ, Aquilina JA. Glutathionylation potentiates benign superoxide dismutase 1 variants to the toxic forms associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Sci Rep 2013; 3: 3275.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Obayashi E, Yoshida H, Kawai F, Shibayama N, Kawaguchi A, Nagata K, Tame JRH, Park S-Y. The structural basis for an essential subunit interaction in influenza virus RNA polymerase. Nature 2008; 454: 1127–1131.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Permyakov EA, Kretsinger RH. Calcium Binding Proteins. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Nakamura H (ed). Electroporation and Sonoporation in Developmental Biology. Tokyo: Springer Japan

A chapter in an edited book

Muhammad A, Wiratunga N, Lothian R. Context-Aware Sentiment Analysis of Social Media. In: Gaber MM, Cocea M, Wiratunga N, Goker A, editors. Advances in Social Media Analysis. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015: 87–104.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for World Journal of Critical Care Medicine.

Blog post

Luntz S. Two Malaria Vaccines Achieve Success In Early Trials. IFLScience. 2017. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/two-malaria-vaccines-achieve-success-in-early-trials/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. DHS Science and Technology: Additional Steps Needed to Ensure Test and Evaluation Requirements Are Met. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Krepstekies C. News Media Representations of Women in the U.S. Military Post September 11, 2001. 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L. Justices Support Guidelines for Sentencing. New York Times. 2007; : A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	World Journal of Critical Care Medicine
ISSN (online)	2220-3141
Scope