How to format your references using the Water Quality, Exposure and Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Water Quality, Exposure and Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bakker K (2012) Water management. Water security: research challenges and opportunities. Science 337:914–915

A journal article with 2 authors

Milad MR, Quirk GJ (2002) Neurons in medial prefrontal cortex signal memory for fear extinction. Nature 420:70–74

A journal article with 3 authors

Jaramillo C, Rueda MJ, Mora G (2006) Cenozoic plant diversity in the neotropics. Science 311:1893–1896

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zhang G, Qi P, Wang X, et al (2006) Selective etching of metallic carbon nanotubes by gas-phase reaction. Science 314:974–977

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hezaveh A (2007) SAS® 9 Study Guide. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Baulieu L, Boer J de, Pioline B, Rabinovici E (eds) (2006) String Theory: From Gauge Interactions to Cosmology: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on String Theory: From Gauge Interactions to Cosmology Cargèse, France 7–19 June 2004. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Beaudry MH (2015) Corporate Security: A Supply Chain Program. In: Thomas AR, Vaduva S (eds) Global Supply Chain Security: Emerging Topics in Research, Practice and Policy. Springer, New York, NY, pp 55–67

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Water Quality, Exposure and Health.

Blog post

Hale T (2016) Interactive Maps Show The Devastating Effects Of Dropping Nuclear Bombs. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1989) Traffic Congestion: Trends, Measures, and Effects. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Florio ML (2012) Assessing the impacts of knowing natural team player styles on team satisfaction and cohesion. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bakker 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Milad and Quirk 2002; Bakker 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Milad and Quirk 2002)
Three or more authors: (Zhang et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Water Quality, Exposure and Health
ISSN (print)	1876-1658
ISSN (online)	1876-1666
Scope