How to format your references using the VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Piston, D. W. (2012). Research tools: Understand how it works. Nature, 484(7395), 440–441.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhou, J., & Guo, L. J. (2014). Transition from a spectrum filter to a polarizer in a metallic nano-slit array. Scientific reports, 4, 3614.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hsiang, S. M., Meng, K. C., & Cane, M. A. (2011). Civil conflicts are associated with the global climate. Nature, 476(7361), 438–441.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Thomas, J. A., Knapp, J. J., Akino, T., Gerty, S., Wakamura, S., Simcox, D. J., et al. (2002). Parasitoid secretions provoke ant warfare. Nature, 417(6888), 505–506.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Saleh, S. A., & Rahman, M. A. (2010). An Introduction to Wavelet Modulated Inverters. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Noy, A. (Ed.). (2008). Handbook of Molecular Force Spectroscopy. Boston, MA: Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Hanser, C., & Slamanig, D. (2013). Warrant-Hiding Delegation-by-Certificate Proxy Signature Schemes. In G. Paul & S. Vaudenay (Eds.), Progress in Cryptology – INDOCRYPT 2013: 14th International Conference on Cryptology in India, Mumbai, India, December 7-10, 2013. Proceedings (pp. 60–77). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, July 31). Folding Graphene Like Origami May Allow Us To Wear Sensors In Our Skin. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/folding-graphene-origami-may-allow-us-wear-sensors-our-skin/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2012). National Transportation Safety Board’s Implementation of GAO Recommendations (No. GAO-12-306R). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Iniguez, A. (2013). The Latino immigrant families and involvement with child welfare system: A grant proposal (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Joy, S. (2014, May 28). New Footprints. New York Times, p. E5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Piston 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Piston 2012; Zhou and Guo 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zhou and Guo 2014)
Three or more authors: (Thomas et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations
ISSN (print)	0957-8765
ISSN (online)	1573-7888
Scope	Business and International Management Strategy and Management Sociology and Political Science Public Administration