How to format your references using the Vehicle System Dynamics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Vehicle System Dynamics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Dolan JR. Marine ecology: different measures of biodiversity. Nature. 2005;433:E9; discussion E9.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Maslin M, Austin P. Uncertainty: Climate models at their limit? Nature. 2012;486:183–184.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Mooney H, Cropper A, Reid W. Confronting the human dilemma. Nature. 2005;434:561–562.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Pravdo SH, Feigelson ED, Garmire G, et al. Discovery of X-rays from the protostellar outflow object HH2. Nature. 2001;413:708–711.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Rigby KA. Aircraft Systems Integration of Air-Launched Weapons. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2013.

An edited book

[1]

Prassas ES. Engineering Economics and Finance for Transportation Infrastructure. Roess RP, editor. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Chantara W, Ho Y-S. Object Searching with Combination of Template Matching. In: Ho Y-S, Sang J, Ro YM, et al., editors. Advances in Multimedia Information Processing -- PCM 2015: 16th Pacific-Rim Conference on Multimedia, Gwangju, South Korea, September 16-18, 2015, Proceedings, Part I. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 32–41.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Vehicle System Dynamics.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. Plankton That Turns Water Into Jelly Pollutes Canadian Lakes [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/canadian-lakes-need-harden/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Challenge: Agencies’ Reporting of Mission-Critical Classified Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999. Report No.: AIMD-99-218. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Sweeney MT. Outdoor Behavioral Healthcare treatment outcomes: Wediko Children’s Services short-term residential treatment program [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Hubbard B, Barnard A. In the Middle East, Another Conflict: What to Make of the Election of Trump. New York Times. 2016 Nov 10;P3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Vehicle System Dynamics
Abbreviation	Veh. Syst. Dyn.
ISSN (print)	0042-3114
ISSN (online)	1744-5159
Scope	Automotive Engineering Mechanical Engineering Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality