How to format your references using the Vehicle System Dynamics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Vehicle System Dynamics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Knight J. Turning technology into gold. Nature. 2003;426(6967):708.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Sinervo B, Clobert J. Morphs, dispersal behavior, genetic similarity, and the evolution of cooperation. Science. 2003;300(5627):1949–1951.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Chen C, Bobisch CA, Ho W. Visualization of Fermi’s golden rule through imaging of light emission from atomic silver chains. Science. 2009;325(5943):981–985.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Yu S, Alapaty K, Mathur R, et al. Attribution of the United States “warming hole”: aerosol indirect effect and precipitable water vapor. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6929.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Joseph G. Doing Physics with Scientific Notebook. The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2012.

An edited book

[1]

Krogstie J, Mouratidis H, Su J, editors. Advanced Information Systems Engineering Workshops: CAiSE 2016 International Workshops, Ljubljana, Slovenia, June 13-17, 2016, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Diegel O, Kristav P, Motte D, et al. Additive Manufacturing and its Effect on Sustainable Design. In: Muthu SS, Savalani MM, editors. Handbook of Sustainability in Additive Manufacturing: Volume 1. Singapore: Springer; 2016. p. 73–99.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Vehicle System Dynamics.

Blog post

[1]

Hale T. A Mind-Bending Mirror Illusion Turns Circles Into Squares [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/a-mindbending-mirror-illusion-turns-circles-into-squares/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. ADP Budget: Potential Reductions to the Department of the Army’s Budget Request. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989. Report No.: IMTEC-89-69BR. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Stout J. The Effects of Discipline with African-American Males at an Alternative Middle School: The Perceptions of Parents/Guardians, Teachers, Administrators, and Other Academic Stakeholders [Doctoral dissertation]. [Scottsdale, AZ]: Northcentral University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kenigsberg B. The Skyjacker’s Tale. New York Times. 2017 Jun 29;C8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Vehicle System Dynamics
Abbreviation	Veh. Syst. Dyn.
ISSN (print)	0042-3114
ISSN (online)	1744-5159
Scope	Automotive Engineering Mechanical Engineering Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality